From Opus

Campylorhynchus zonatus

Photo: Gary Clark
La Selva (OTS), Costa Rica.

[edit] Identification

16.5 cm

• Brown-grey crown
• Black nape
• Upperparts and tail with heavy barring in black, tawny and white
• White breast and throat, heavy black spots
• Cinnamon belly
  

Young birds have duller upperparts and off-white to buff underparts.

[edit] Distribution

Mexico to northwestern Ecuador, Costa Rica, northern Panama, northern Colombia adjacent to Panama, and northwestern Ecuador.

[edit] Taxonomy

[edit] Subspecies^[1]

There are 7 subspecies.

• C. z. zonatus:

• Eastern Mexico (eastern San Luis Potosí and northern Veracruz to northern Puebla)

• C. z. restrictus:

• Southern Mexico (southern Veracruz and northern Oaxaca) to Belize and Guatemala

• C. z. vulcanius:

• Southern Mexico (Chiapas) to central Nicaragua

• C. z. costaricensis:

• Caribbean slope of Costa Rica and north-western Panama

• C. z. panamensis:

• Western Panama (Veraguas)

• C. z. curvirostris:

• Northern Colombia (tropical base of Santa Marta Mountains)

• C. z. brevirostris:

• Northern Colombia to north-western Ecuador

An eigth subspecies imparilis^[2] is not recognised by all authorities

[edit] Habitat

Lowlands and foothills in thinned forest or open woodland, scrub, second growth and around houses.

[edit] Behaviour

[edit] Breeding

It builds a large spherical nest with a wide side entrance, often hidden amidst bromeliads. The three to five white eggs (either unmarked or with light brown spots) are incubated by the female for about two weeks. After breeding, families sleep together in dormitory nests throughout the year.

[edit] Diet

The diet includes insects, spiders and invertebrates.

[edit] References

1. Clements, JF. 2008. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2008. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist.
2. Avibase
3. Wikipedia

• List of references

[edit] External Links