From Opus

Subsepcies toddi
Photo by Robert Scanlon
Photographed in Colombia, May 2004

Tangara gyrola

[edit] Identification

14 cm

• Plumage varies widely between the subspecies.
• Chestnut head, bright green upperparts, green or pale blue underparts, sometimes with yellowish nuchal collar
  

[edit] Distribution

Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador, Bolivia, southern Brazil, north east Venezuela and Trinidad.

[edit] Taxonomy

Subspecies bangsi
Photo by Jim Crosswell
Finca Oro, Costa Rica, February 2007

[edit] Subspecies^[1]

• T. g. bangsi:

• Humid tropical and subtropical Costa Rica and western Panama

• T. g. deleticia: Green between the red and blue in the throat and upper chest

• Eastern Panama (Darién) and western Colombia

• T. g. nupera:

• Extreme south-western Colombia (Nariño) and western Ecuador

• T. g. toddi:

• Mountains of northern Colombia (Santa Marta and Perijá) and north-western Venezuela (Andes) to Trinidad

• T. g. viridissima:

• Coastal north-eastern Venezuela; winters in Trinidad

• T. g. catharinae:

• Eastern base of Eastern Andes of Colombia to central Bolivia

• T. g. parva:

• South-eastern Colombia to southern Venezuela, north-eastern Peru and north-western Brazil

• T. g. gyrola: Green, blue belly, thin gold collar on the hind neck. Sexes are similar, but immatures are duller with chestnut-flecked green heads.

Subspecies deleticia
Photo by olivewarbler
Dapa, Valle, Colombia, June 2008

• Southern Venezuela to the Guianas and extreme northern Brazil

• T. g. albertinae:

• Brazil south of the Amazon (Rio Purús to Pará, northern Mato Grosso)

[edit] Habitat

Gardens, highland river borders, forest edge, humid forests.

[edit] Behaviour

[edit] Diet

The diet includes fruit and insects.

[edit] Breeding

They build a bulky cup nest in a tree. The 2 brown-blotched white eggs are incubated by the female for 13-14 days. The young fledge about 15-16 days later.

[edit] Vocalization

The song is a slow seee, seee, seee, tsou, tsooy. The call in the West Andes of Colombia is a raspy beeww, which is very similar to the call of Red-eyed Vireo. A call given when moving is a rapid tst-tst-tst.

[edit] References

1. Clements, JF. 2008. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2008. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist.
2. Wikipedia
3. BF Member observations

• List of references

[edit] External Links