From Opus

Corvus brachyrhynchos

Photo by Leslie

[edit] Identification

L. 17-21" (43-53 cm). Distinctive, stocky black bird with stout bill and fan-shaped tail.

[edit] Similar Species

The smaller Northwestern Crow has hoarser voice; the larger Common Raven has wedge-shaped tail.

[edit] Distribution

Breeds from British Columbia, central interior Canada, and Newfoundland south to southern California, Gulf Coast, and Florida. Winters north to southern Canada.

[edit] Taxonomy

Consists of four species.

[edit] Subspecies¹

• C. b. brachyrhynchos - Central and e Canada to e-central US; winters to se US
• C. b. hesperis - N British Columbia to sw US and n Baja California
• C. b. pascuus - Peninsular Florida
• C. b. paulus - Eastern United States

[edit] Habitat

Deciduous growth along rivers and streams; orchards and city parks. Also mixed and coniferous woods, but avoids closed coniferous forests and desert expanses. Gathers in large flocks in fields in spring and fall.

[edit] Behaviour

[edit] Nesting

4-6 dull green eggs, spotted with dark brown, in a large mass of twigs and sticks lined with feathers, grass, and rootlets, and placed in a tree. Intelligent, wary, virtually omnivorous, and with a high reproductive capacity, the American Crow is undoubtedly much more numerous than it was before the arrival of settlers.

[edit] Feeding

An opportunist in its feeding, the American Crow consumes a great variety of plant and animal food: seeds, garbage, insects, mice.

[edit] Vocalisation

Familiar caw-caw or caa-caa

Its nest-plundering is decried, but in orchards and fields it destroys many injurious insects such as grasshoppers and cutworms. However, the labeling of birds as either "harmful" or "useful" is misleading and antiquated. Crows do destroy many eggs and nestlings of woodland and meadow birds, but they also weed out the weak and feeble, and they alert the animals in a neighborhood when danger approaches.

[edit] References

1. Clements, James F. 2007. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019

[edit] External Links