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Difference between revisions of "Blue-eared Barbet" - BirdForum Opus

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16-17 cm, 6.3-6.7 inches. 31.6-39.5 g, 1.1-1.4 oz
 
16-17 cm, 6.3-6.7 inches. 31.6-39.5 g, 1.1-1.4 oz
 
*''P. d. cyanotis'':
 
*''P. d. cyanotis'':
−
*Black forehead
+
**Black forehead
−
*Blue [[Topography Artwork Heads|mid-crown]] and throat
+
**Blue [[Topography Artwork Heads|mid-crown]] and throat
−
*Green hind-crown
+
**Green hind-crown
−
*Orangey red cheek patch
+
**Orangey red cheek patch
−
*Blue [[Topography Artwork Heads|ear-coverts]] framed with red patches
+
**Blue [[Topography Artwork Heads|ear-coverts]] framed with red patches
−
*Narrow black band between throat and breast
+
**Narrow black band between throat and breast
−
*Green body
+
**Green body
−
*Dark stout beak  
+
**Dark stout beak  
 
*''P. d. orientalis'':
 
*''P. d. orientalis'':
−
*Generally slightly larger and paler than ''P. d. cyanotis''
+
**Generally slightly larger and paler than ''P. d. cyanotis''
−
*Thin red patch below the black line separating the throat and breast
+
**Thin red patch below the black line separating the throat and breast
  
 
====Black-eared Group====
 
====Black-eared Group====
 
16-17 cm, 6.3-6.7 inches. 26.3-37 g, 0.93-1.3 oz
 
16-17 cm, 6.3-6.7 inches. 26.3-37 g, 0.93-1.3 oz
 
*"P. d. duvaucelii":
 
*"P. d. duvaucelii":
−
*Black forehead
+
**Black forehead
−
*Blue [[Topography Artwork Heads|crown]] and throat
+
**Blue [[Topography Artwork Heads|crown]] and throat
−
*Thick black band between throat and breast some have red below
+
**Thick black band between throat and breast some have red below
−
*Black [[Topography Artwork Heads|ear-coverts]] framed with large red patches
+
**Black [[Topography Artwork Heads|ear-coverts]] framed with large red patches
−
*Red cheek patch
+
**Red cheek patch
−
*Pale [[Topography Artwork Heads|loral spot]]
+
**Pale [[Topography Artwork Heads|loral spot]]
−
*Green body
+
**Green body
−
*Strong dark beak
+
**Strong dark beak
 
*"P. d. gigantorhinus":
 
*"P. d. gigantorhinus":
−
*Slightly longer bill than "P. d. duvaucelii"
+
**Slightly longer bill than "P. d. duvaucelii"
−
*Often has blue spotted crown
+
**Often has blue spotted crown
 
*"P. d. tanamassae:
 
*"P. d. tanamassae:
−
*Brighter blue hindcrown and throat
+
**Brighter blue hindcrown and throat
−
*Red wash behind black breast line
+
**Red wash behind black breast line
−
*More blue in tail
+
**More blue in tail
  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==

Revision as of 10:57, 27 October 2016

Photo by jaray
Kang Kra Jan National Park, Thailand
Psilopogon duvaucelii

Identification

This species has been split into 2 groups for ease of description

Blue-eared Group

16-17 cm, 6.3-6.7 inches. 31.6-39.5 g, 1.1-1.4 oz

  • P. d. cyanotis:
    • Black forehead
    • Blue mid-crown and throat
    • Green hind-crown
    • Orangey red cheek patch
    • Blue ear-coverts framed with red patches
    • Narrow black band between throat and breast
    • Green body
    • Dark stout beak
  • P. d. orientalis:
    • Generally slightly larger and paler than P. d. cyanotis
    • Thin red patch below the black line separating the throat and breast

Black-eared Group

16-17 cm, 6.3-6.7 inches. 26.3-37 g, 0.93-1.3 oz

  • "P. d. duvaucelii":
    • Black forehead
    • Blue crown and throat
    • Thick black band between throat and breast some have red below
    • Black ear-coverts framed with large red patches
    • Red cheek patch
    • Pale loral spot
    • Green body
    • Strong dark beak
  • "P. d. gigantorhinus":
    • Slightly longer bill than "P. d. duvaucelii"
    • Often has blue spotted crown
  • "P. d. tanamassae:
    • Brighter blue hindcrown and throat
    • Red wash behind black breast line
    • More blue in tail

Distribution

Asia: found in China, Tibet, Nepal, India, Eastern Himalayas, Bangladesh, Bhutan
Southeast Asia: Indochina, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, Malay Peninsula, Brunei, Borneo, Indonesia, Greater Sundas, Sumatra

Taxonomy

Sometimes placed in the genus Megalaima.
Formerly considered conspecific with Little Barbet.

Subspecies

There are 5 subspecies[1]:

  • P. d. cyanotis:
  • P. d. orientalis:
  • P. d. duvaucelii:
  • P. d. gigantorhinus:
  • Nias Island (off north-western Sumatra)
  • P. d. tanamassae:

Several additional subspecies are not recognised by all authorities[2]

Habitat

Mainly primary coniferous forest, forest edge in lowlands and foothills. May frequent new growth and patchy forest.

Blue-eared Group

Also visits plantations, gardens, deciduous and bamboo forest. Mainly below 1200 m, but below 700 m in Bhutan. Has been recorded to 1525 m in southeast Asia and to 1600 m in southwest China

Black-eared Group

Also visits rubber and silk tree plantations, gardens, mangroves, bamboo, peatswamp and deciduous forest. Mainly below 1000 m, but only to 975 m in peninsular Malaysia, 1065 m on Borneo and up to about 1500 m on Sumatra

Behaviour

Diet

Fruit of figs and other. Also insects. Takes fruit averaging 11.6 mm. Forages in groups of up to 100 at fruting trees in Thailand. Has been seen foraging with pigeons and other species.

Breeding

The breeding season is largely dependant on geography. Sings for up to 2 hours at a time during the breeding season by both pair members simultaneously. Head-bobbing, lateral tail movement. During courtship, fruit is offered before copulation. Nest excavated in dead tree, often on the underside of branches at up to 25 m, but mainly between 3-12 m.

Blue-eared Group

Lays 4 white eggs.
Breeding season:

  • January to August in much of range.
  • March to September in Thailand.
Black-eared Group

Male inflates black skinned gular sacs when singing
Breeding season:

  • January to July in Peninsular Malaysia
  • February to October on Sumatra and it's islands
  • December to January and May to June on Borneo

Vocalisation

The double note song of Little Barbet is given throughout range, but study is needed to document the variations with the species.

Black-eared Group

A "chiok-chiok-chiok" territorial call lasts up to 2 hours. The courtship call is a lot softer, not unlike a referee's whistle at 1-2 second intervals lasting for minutes.

Movement

Resident, territorial and sedentary with some post breeding movement away from breeding areas in search of fruit.


References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016, with updates to August 2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Avibase
  3. Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). 2014. IOC World Bird Names (version 4.4). Available at http://www.worldbirdnames.org/.
  4. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved October 2016)

Recommended Citation

External Links

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