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| - | '''Includes Hooded Crow''' | + | [[Image:Carrion_Crow.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|RichUK|RichUK}}]] |
| | + | '''Alternative names: Common Crow; Eurasian Crow; Oriental Crow (''orientalis'')''' |
| | ;[[:Category:Corvus|Corvus]] corone | | ;[[:Category:Corvus|Corvus]] corone |
| - | [[Image:Carrion_Crow.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by RichUK]] | |
| | ==Identification== | | ==Identification== |
| - | Very successful and highly intelligent corvid about half a metre in length. | + | 48-54cm. A compact crow: |
| | + | * All black plumage with a green or purple sheen |
| | + | * Dark brown iris |
| | + | * Black, stout bill |
| | + | * Legs dark grey to black |
| | + | Sexes similar, juveniles with duller plumage. Hybrids between ''corone'' and [[Hooded Crow]] occur regularly. |
| | + | ====Similar species==== |
| | + | ''Corone'' may be confused with young [[Rook]]. The shape of head and the flight are quite different. |
| | ==Distribution== | | ==Distribution== |
| - | Most western Europe to the most eastern points of northern Asia. | + | [[Image:PAL8074CARRIONCROW.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Carrion Crow in flight<br />Photo by {{user|I4ani|I4ani}}<br />Dartmoor, Devon, [[UK]], 2010]] |
| | + | Most of western [[Europe]] to the most eastern points of northern [[Asia]].<br /> |
| | + | Common or abundant in most of its range despite persecution by gamekeepers and farmers. |
| | ==Taxonomy== | | ==Taxonomy== |
| | + | Was formerly considered conspecific with [[Hooded Crow]]. |
| | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>==== | | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>==== |
| - | *''C. c. corone'' - W Europe | + | Two subspecies accepted: |
| - | *''C. c. orientalis'' - Iran to n China, Korea and Japan | + | *''C. c. corone'' - Western [[Europe]] |
| - | Hooded Crow ''corvix'' complex: | + | *''C. c. orientalis'' - [[Iran]] to northern [[China]], [[Korea]] and [[Japan]] |
| - | *''C. c. cornix'' - N Europe to Yenisey Valley, Ukraine, Corsica and s Italy | + | |
| - | *''C. c. sharpii'' - Mainland Italy to Yugoslavia, Asia Minor, n Iran and Kazakstan | + | |
| - | *''C. c. pallescens'' - Coastal s Turkey to Levant, n Iraq and Egypt | + | |
| - | *''C. c. capellanus'' - S Iraq and adjacent sw Iran | + | |
| - | ====Status of Hooded Crow ''corvix'' complex==== | + | |
| - | Clements (2007) treats Hooded Crow (''C. (corone?) cornix'', including ''sharpii'', ''pallescens'', and ''capellanus'') as a full species, citing the recommendation of Parkin et al. (2003)<sup>[[#References|2]]</sup>. However, Howard & Moore (2003) and Sibley & Monroe (1996) retain the Hooded Crow ''cornix'' complex within Carrion Crow (''C. corone'') and the Opus awaits further clarification. See BirdForum threads discussing this taxonomic discrepancy [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=102015 here] and [http://birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=119618 here]. | + | |
| - | | + | |
| | ==Habitat== | | ==Habitat== |
| | + | Found almost anywhere from coast to moorland, even city centres. <sup>[[#References|3]]</sup> |
| | ==Behaviour== | | ==Behaviour== |
| | Ingenious adaption to all urban environments and intelligent. Can be observed sitting atop of trafficlights and dropping hardcased nuts onto the streets below so to make use of the crushing effects of traffic; and will retrieve the contents at a 'red' signal. | | Ingenious adaption to all urban environments and intelligent. Can be observed sitting atop of trafficlights and dropping hardcased nuts onto the streets below so to make use of the crushing effects of traffic; and will retrieve the contents at a 'red' signal. |
| - | ==Bird Song== | + | ====Diet==== |
| | + | The diet includes carrion, insects, worms, seeds, fruit and scraps. |
| | + | ====Breeding==== |
| | + | Breeding season generally in northern spring. A pair stays often together over several years and throughout the year. Usually a solitary nester. The large nest is built by both sexes and is made out of sticks. It's usually placed high in a tall tree. Nests on buildings, electricity pylons or cliffs are also known. Lays 4 eggs. The chicks leave the nest after 32 days. In some parts of the range [[Great Spotted Cuckoo]] may parasitize the nest. |
| | + | ====Vocalisation==== |
| | <flashmp3>Corvus corone (song).mp3</flashmp3><br /> | | <flashmp3>Corvus corone (song).mp3</flashmp3><br /> |
| | ''[[Media:Corvus corone (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]'' | | ''[[Media:Corvus corone (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]'' |
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| | # Clements, James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019 | | # Clements, James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019 |
| | # Parkin, D.T., M. Collison, A. Helbig, A.G. Knox, and G. Sangster. 2003. "The taxonomic status of Carrion and Hooded Crows." ''British Birds''. 96 (6): 274–90. | | # Parkin, D.T., M. Collison, A. Helbig, A.G. Knox, and G. Sangster. 2003. "The taxonomic status of Carrion and Hooded Crows." ''British Birds''. 96 (6): 274–90. |
| | + | #RSPB |
| | + | #{{Ref-HBWVol14}} |
| | + | {{ref}} |
| | ==External Links== | | ==External Links== |
| - | {{GSearch|Corvus+corone}} | + | {{GSearch|Corvus+corone}} |
| - | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Corvus]] | + | <br /> |
| | + | {{Video|Carrion_Crow}} |
| | + | Threads about taxonomy of Hooded and Carrion Crow:<br /> |
| | + | [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=102015] and [http://birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=119618] |
| | + | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Corvus]][[Category:Bird Songs]][[Category:Videos]] |
48-54cm. A compact crow:
Ingenious adaption to all urban environments and intelligent. Can be observed sitting atop of trafficlights and dropping hardcased nuts onto the streets below so to make use of the crushing effects of traffic; and will retrieve the contents at a 'red' signal.
Breeding season generally in northern spring. A pair stays often together over several years and throughout the year. Usually a solitary nester. The large nest is built by both sexes and is made out of sticks. It's usually placed high in a tall tree. Nests on buildings, electricity pylons or cliffs are also known. Lays 4 eggs. The chicks leave the nest after 32 days. In some parts of the range Great Spotted Cuckoo may parasitize the nest.
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