From Opus

Photo by Gaga.
Photo taken: Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Texas.

Petrochelidon fulva

Hirundo fulva

[edit] Identification

12-14cm. Grey-blue upperparts, dull white underparts, dark blue-black crown and back, buff face and throat, cinammon forehead, orange rump, narrow white streaks on back, pale brown collar, brown wings and tail, black iris and bill. Sexes alike.

[edit] Distribution

See taxonomy. Now found annually in the Great Lakes and Atlantic Coast regions in November.

[edit] Taxonomy

It has been proposed that it should be split into two species, but at present most authorities do not recognize this split:

• (Mexican) Cave Swallow (Petrochelidon pallida): Nest in northern Mexico and the US states of New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas. Most spend the winter in or near El Salvador, but a few stay in S. Texas and north-central Mexico. Monotypic.
• Cinnamon-throated Swallow (Petrochelidon fulva): Nest in the Caribbean, southern Florida and southern Mexico. Resident in Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, and Jamaica, but other populations are mostly migratory: absent from Florida and mostly absent from Cuba during winter, while the winter range of the southern Mexico population deserves further study. Includes subspecies citata, cavicola, poeciloma, and puertoricensis.

Data from mtDNA suggest this split may be more appropriate if including citata from southern Mexico as a subspecies of P. pallida, and thereby essentially ending up with a western (P. pallida) and an eastern species (P. fulva).

Has been known to hybridize with the Barn Swallow and may be better included in the same genus, in which case it would become Hirundo fulva. If this is accepted, race pallida (or species, if following the split) must be renamed pelodoma, as the former name is preoccupied in the genus Hirundo. However, DNA data indicate that the genera Hirundo and Petrochelidon are not each others closest relatives.

[edit] Habitat

Open areas near water.

[edit] Behaviour

The diet includes flying insects.

They nest colonially. It builds a cup nest from mud, lined with grass. 3-5 white, dark spotted eggs are laid.

[edit] References

1. Clements, James F. 2007. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019
2. [ SACC baseline] read September 2009

• List of references

All About Birds

[edit] External Links