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Difference between revisions of "Laughing Dove" - BirdForum Opus

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'''Alternative name: Palm Dove'''
 
'''Alternative name: Palm Dove'''
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[[Image:Laughing_Dove.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Rajiv+Lather|Rajiv Lather}} <br /> Karnal, [[India]]]]
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[[Image:Laughing Dove, Gambia.jpg|thumb|550px|right|''S. s. senegalensis''<br />Photo by {{user|scottishdude|scottishdude}} <br /> [[Gambia]], March 2010]]
 
;[[:Category:Streptopelia|Streptopelia]] senegalensis<br />
 
;[[:Category:Streptopelia|Streptopelia]] senegalensis<br />
 
''Spilopelia senegalensis''
 
''Spilopelia senegalensis''
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*Red legs  
 
*Red legs  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
 +
[[Image:Laughing Dove.jpg|thumb|350px|right|''S. s. cambayensis''<br />Photo by {{user|Rajiv+Lather|Rajiv Lather}}<br />Karnal, [[India]], August 2006]]
 
Widespread in [[Africa]] except for the driest parts of the Sahara Desert and the wetter rainforests; also through the [[Middle East]] and southern [[Asia]] east to [[India]].
 
Widespread in [[Africa]] except for the driest parts of the Sahara Desert and the wetter rainforests; also through the [[Middle East]] and southern [[Asia]] east to [[India]].
  
 
Introduced to Australia. Some sources also suggest that some populations in the Middle East (e.g. [[Israel]], and around Istanbul in [[Turkey]]) are also introduced<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>.
 
Introduced to Australia. Some sources also suggest that some populations in the Middle East (e.g. [[Israel]], and around Istanbul in [[Turkey]]) are also introduced<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>.
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
−
This species has recently been transferred, with its closest relative the [[Spotted Dove]], to the genus [[:Category:Spilopelia|''Spilopelia'']] by several authorities following the studies of Johnson et al. (2001)<sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup><sup>[[#References|[3]]]</sup>.<br />
+
This species has recently been transferred, with its closest relative the [[Spotted Dove]], to the genus [[:Category:Spilopelia|''Spilopelia'']] by several authorities following the studies of Johnson et al. (2001)<sup>[[#References|[2]]], [[#References|[3]]]</sup>.<br />
 
====Subspecies====
 
====Subspecies====
−
This is a [[Dictionary_M-O#M|polytypic]] species, consisting of five subspecies<sup>[[#References|[4]]]</sup>:
+
This is a [[Dictionary_M-O#M|polytypic]] species, consisting of five or six subspecies<sup>[[#References|[3]]], [[#References|[4]]]</sup>:
 
*''S. s. phoenicophila '':
 
*''S. s. phoenicophila '':
 
:*Oases south of Atlas Mountains in [[Morocco]], [[Algeria]] and [[Tunisia]]
 
:*Oases south of Atlas Mountains in [[Morocco]], [[Algeria]] and [[Tunisia]]
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:*Nile Valley (Suez Canal and Nile Delta south to Wadi Halfa)
 
:*Nile Valley (Suez Canal and Nile Delta south to Wadi Halfa)
 
*''S. s. sokotrae'':
 
*''S. s. sokotrae'':
−
:*Socotra (off north-east [[Somalia]])
+
:*Socotra off north-east [[Somalia]] (included in ''S. s. senegalensis'' by IOC<sup>[[#References|[3]]]</sup>)
 
*''S. s. senegalensis'':
 
*''S. s. senegalensis'':
 
:*[[Africa]] south of the Sahara and [[Arabia]]
 
:*[[Africa]] south of the Sahara and [[Arabia]]
 
*''S. s. cambayensis'':
 
*''S. s. cambayensis'':
 
:*Eastern [[Arabia]] to southern [[Iran]], [[India]]n subcontinent, western [[China]] and Andamans
 
:*Eastern [[Arabia]] to southern [[Iran]], [[India]]n subcontinent, western [[China]] and Andamans
 +
*''S. s. ermanni'':
 +
:*[[Kazakhstan]], northern [[Afghanistan]], western [[China]] (included in ''S. s. cambayensis'' by Clements<sup>[[#References|[4]]]</sup>)
  
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
−
Scrub, dry farmland and habitation.
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Scrub, dry farmland and habitation; a common urban bird in many parts of its range.
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
 
====Breeding====
 
====Breeding====
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==References==
 
==References==
 
#{{Ref-HBWVol4}}#Johnson, K. P. ''et al''. (2001). A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera ''Streptopelia'' and ''Columba''. ''The Auk'' 118 (4): [http://wwn.inhs.illinois.edu/~kjohnson/kpj_pdfs/Auk.2001.pdf 874–887].
 
#{{Ref-HBWVol4}}#Johnson, K. P. ''et al''. (2001). A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera ''Streptopelia'' and ''Columba''. ''The Auk'' 118 (4): [http://wwn.inhs.illinois.edu/~kjohnson/kpj_pdfs/Auk.2001.pdf 874–887].
−
#{{Ref-GillDonsker14V5.2}}#{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}#AvianWeb
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#{{Ref-GillDonsker17V7.1}}#{{Ref-Clements6thAug16}}#AvianWeb
 
{{ref}}
 
{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==

Revision as of 15:02, 21 April 2017

Alternative name: Palm Dove

S. s. senegalensis
Photo by scottishdude
Gambia, March 2010
Streptopelia senegalensis

Spilopelia senegalensis

Identification

27 cm (10½ in), weight 70-90 g

  • Reddish-brown back, wings and tail
  • Blue-grey in the wings
  • Pink head and underparts, shading to whitish on the lower abdomen
  • Black spots on the throat
  • Red legs

Distribution

S. s. cambayensis
Photo by Rajiv Lather
Karnal, India, August 2006

Widespread in Africa except for the driest parts of the Sahara Desert and the wetter rainforests; also through the Middle East and southern Asia east to India.

Introduced to Australia. Some sources also suggest that some populations in the Middle East (e.g. Israel, and around Istanbul in Turkey) are also introduced[1].

Taxonomy

This species has recently been transferred, with its closest relative the Spotted Dove, to the genus Spilopelia by several authorities following the studies of Johnson et al. (2001)[2], [3].

Subspecies

This is a polytypic species, consisting of five or six subspecies[3], [4]:

  • S. s. phoenicophila :
  • S. s. aegyptiaca:
  • Nile Valley (Suez Canal and Nile Delta south to Wadi Halfa)
  • S. s. sokotrae:
  • Socotra off north-east Somalia (included in S. s. senegalensis by IOC[3])
  • S. s. senegalensis:
  • S. s. cambayensis:
  • S. s. ermanni:

Habitat

Scrub, dry farmland and habitation; a common urban bird in many parts of its range.

Behaviour

Breeding

It builds a stick nest in a tree and lays two white eggs.

Diet

Diet consists of mostly of small seeds but some subspecies also eat sunflower and maize grain. Fruit is also taken in addition to some vegetation and small insects.

References

  1. Del Hoyo, J, A Elliot, and J Sargatal, eds. 1997. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334221
  2. Johnson, K. P. et al. (2001). A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera Streptopelia and Columba. The Auk 118 (4): 874–887.
  3. Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). 2017. IOC World Bird Names (version 7.1). Available at http://www.worldbirdnames.org/.
  4. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016, with updates to August 2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  5. AvianWeb

Recommended Citation

External Links


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