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| - | [[Image:Montagus_Harrier.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Female and juvenile<br />Photo by {{user|jankees|jankees}}jankees.<br />Photo taken: [[Netherlands]].]] | + | [[Image:Montagus_Harrier.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Female and juvenile<br />Photo by {{user|jankees|jankees}}jankees.<br />[[Netherlands]], June 2006]] |
| | ;[[:Category:Circus|Circus]] pygargus | | ;[[:Category:Circus|Circus]] pygargus |
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| | ==Identification== | | ==Identification== |
| - | *Male: Grey upperparts, head (paler around eye), and upper breast, rest of undersides mainly whitish with reddish elongated spots; white upper-tail coverts, upper tail grey, under-tail with three faint bars. Primaries are black , and there is one black wingbar above and two on underwing. | + | '''Male''': Grey upperparts, head (paler around eye), and upper breast, rest of undersides mainly whitish with reddish elongated spots; white upper-tail coverts, upper tail grey, under-tail with three faint bars. Primaries are black , and there is one black wingbar above and two on underwing. <br /> |
| - | *Female: mainly greyish brown, strongly streaked on underside, much white around eye | + | '''Female''': mainly greyish brown, strongly streaked on underside, much white around eye<br /> |
| - | *Juvenile: dark wings and mantle, warm reddish brown undersides with strong facial markings (much white) but weak white collar around upper neck<br /> | + | '''Juvenile''': dark wings and mantle, warm reddish brown undersides with strong facial markings (much white) but weak white collar around upper neck<br /> |
| | '''In flight''': shows four noticable free primaries | | '''In flight''': shows four noticable free primaries |
| | + | [[Image:Montagu's_harrier_male_by_momo.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Adult male in flight<br />Photo by {{user|Momo|Momo}}.<br />[[Switzerland]], April 2008]] |
| | ====Similar species==== | | ====Similar species==== |
| | A [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=66359 lengthy thread] which discusses separation from [[Hen Harrier]]. <br />See also [[Pallid Harrier]] | | A [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=66359 lengthy thread] which discusses separation from [[Hen Harrier]]. <br />See also [[Pallid Harrier]] |
| - | [[Image:Montagu's_harrier_male_by_momo.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Adult male in flight<br />Photo by {{user|Momo|Momo}}.<br />Photo taken: [[Switzerland]], April 2008.]] | |
| | ==Distribution== | | ==Distribution== |
| - | Breeding in [[Eurasia]], wintering to [[India]], [[Middle East]] and [[Africa]]. | + | Breeding in [[Eurasia]], wintering to [[India]], [[Middle East]] and [[Africa]]. <br /> |
| | + | |
| | + | A very patchy range across Europe, widespread in [[Spain]] but found in scattered pockets from [[France]] east to the [[Baltic]] States and [[Poland]], and south to [[Romania]]. More continuous in [[Belarus]] and [[Ukraine]] and east across [[Russia]]. Isolated outposts in southern [[Britain]], central [[Sweden]] and southern [[Finland]], [[Turkey]] and North-West [[Africa]]. |
| | + | |
| | + | Extremely rare breeder in [[Britain]] with very small numbers present in summer and few successful nests. To the east range extends to northern [[Iran]], [[Turkestan]] and [[Kazakstan]], possibly into [[China]] in western Sinkiang. |
| | + | |
| | + | Occurs as a passage migrant across [[Europe]], the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] concentrating in particular at [[Gibraltar]]. Rarely recorded in the region in winter, most migrate to sub-Saharan Africa occurring from [[Senegal]] east to [[Ethiopia]] and south through the eastern half of the continent to [[South Africa]]. The commonest wintering harrier in much of Africa. Most have left Europe by mid-October and return in April. |
| | + | |
| | + | Vagrants have been recorded in [[Iceland]]. |
| | ==Taxonomy== | | ==Taxonomy== |
| - | This is a monotypic species | + | This is a [[Dictionary_M-S#M|monotypic]] species<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>. |
| | ==Habitat== | | ==Habitat== |
| | Marshes, reedbeds and cultivated land, especially cornfields, also moorland and heathland and rough grassland. | | Marshes, reedbeds and cultivated land, especially cornfields, also moorland and heathland and rough grassland. |
| | ==Behaviour== | | ==Behaviour== |
| | + | ====Flight==== |
| | Usually fly with wings held in a high V; if gliding there is often a bend at the wing near the body, so that the inner part is more vertical. Mostly fly low when hunting, can be seen high above when migrating. | | Usually fly with wings held in a high V; if gliding there is often a bend at the wing near the body, so that the inner part is more vertical. Mostly fly low when hunting, can be seen high above when migrating. |
| - | | + | ====Diet==== |
| | Food consists of small mostly vertebrate animals. | | Food consists of small mostly vertebrate animals. |
| - | ==Bird Song== | + | ====Vocalisation==== |
| | <flashmp3>Circus pygargus (song).mp3</flashmp3><br /> | | <flashmp3>Circus pygargus (song).mp3</flashmp3><br /> |
| | ''[[Media:Circus pygargus (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]'' | | ''[[Media:Circus pygargus (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]'' |
| - | | |
| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| | # Clements, James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019 | | # Clements, James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019 |
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| | {{GSearch|Circus+pygargus}} | | {{GSearch|Circus+pygargus}} |
| | *[http://www.orientalbirdimages.org/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&Bird_ID=849&Bird_Image_ID=846&Bird_Family_ID=96 View more images of this species on Orientalbirdimages] | | *[http://www.orientalbirdimages.org/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&Bird_ID=849&Bird_Image_ID=846&Bird_Family_ID=96 View more images of this species on Orientalbirdimages] |
| - | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Circus]] | + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Circus]][[Category:Bird Songs]] |
Marshes, reedbeds and cultivated land, especially cornfields, also moorland and heathland and rough grassland.
Usually fly with wings held in a high V; if gliding there is often a bend at the wing near the body, so that the inner part is more vertical. Mostly fly low when hunting, can be seen high above when migrating.
Food consists of small mostly vertebrate animals.
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