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| − | + | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|SulairDH|SulairDH}}<br />Adult Male<br />Atlanta, [[Georgia]], [[USA]]]] | |
| − | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal.jpg|thumb| | + | ;[[:Category:Cardinalis|Cardinalis]] cardinalis |
| − | == | + | ==Identification== |
| − | '''Male''' All red with black mask and chin. Wings have some gray. | + | Length: 7.75 inches<br/> |
| − | '''Female''' Brown overall with some red in wings, face, and tail. Red bill<br/> | + | All ages and sexes have a crest and large, conical bill<br/> |
| − | '''Juvenile''' Similar to female but bill is dark instead of red. | + | '''Male'''<br/> |
| − | + | All red with black mask and chin. Wings have some gray. Orange bill<br/> | |
| − | == | + | '''Female'''<br/> |
| − | == | + | Brown overall with some red in wings, face, and tail. Red bill<br/> |
| − | == | + | '''Juvenile'''<br/> |
| + | Similar to female but bill is dark instead of red.<br/> | ||
| + | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal_Juvenile_Female.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile Female<br />Photo by {{user|ldsmith|Larry D Smith}}<br/>]] | ||
| + | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | [[United States]] and [[Mexico]]. | ||
| + | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| + | There are 18 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
| + | *''C. c. superbus'': Extremese [[California]] to [[Arizona]], south-western [[New Mexico]] and northern Sonora | ||
| + | *''C. c. seftoni'': Central [[Baja California]] (south to latitude 27°N) | ||
| + | *''C. c. igneus'': Southern [[Baja California]] (north to latitude 27°N) | ||
| + | *''C. c. clintoni'': Isla Cerralvo (Gulf of [[California]]) | ||
| + | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal_Juvenile_Male.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile Male<br />Photo by {{user|ldsmith|Larry D Smith}} <br/>]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. townsendi'': Isla Tiburón (Sea of Cortés) and adjacent coastal Sonora | ||
| + | *''C. c. affinis'': Western [[Mexico]] (south-eastern Sonora to south-western Chihuahua and western Durango) | ||
| + | *''C. c. sinaloensis'': Coastal western [[Mexico]] (Sinaloa and Jalisco) | ||
| + | *''C. c. mariae'': Tres Marías Islands (off western [[Mexico]]) | ||
| + | *''C. c. carneus'': ('''Long Crested''') Coastal western [[Mexico]] (Colima to Isthmus of Tehuántepec) | ||
| + | *''C. c. cardinalis'': Eastern [[US]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. floridanus'': South-eastern [[Georgia]] and peninsula [[Florida]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. magnirostris'': South-eastern [[Texas]] and southern [[Louisiana]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. canicaudus'': Western [[Oklahoma]] and western [[Texas]] to east-central [[Mexico]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. coccineus'': Eastern [[Mexico]] (eastern San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, north-eastern Puebla and n Oaxaca) | ||
| + | *''C. c. littoralis'': Lowlands of eastern [[Mexico]] (southern Veracruz and Tabasco) | ||
| + | *''C. c. yucatanicus'': South-eastern [[Mexico]] (Yucatán Peninsula) | ||
| + | *''C. c. flammiger'': South-eastern [[Mexico]] (southern Quintana Roo), [[Belize]] and Petén of northern [[Guatemala]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. saturatus'': Cozumel Island (off Quintana Roo) | ||
| + | ==Habitat== | ||
| + | Suburban Woodlands and parks, mixed forests and forest edges, back yards, high desert. | ||
| + | ==Behaviour== | ||
| + | Winter flocks can be very large, up to 60 or 70 individuals in areas of abundance. | ||
| + | ====Diet==== | ||
| + | Their diet consists mostly of fruit and berries, buds, seeds and flowers, insects being included during the summer. | ||
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| + | '''Song''': a clear whistling song. Females will sing along with the male.<br /> | ||
| + | It appears there may be varying accents in different localities. | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug11}}#Cornell | ||
| + | #BF Member observations | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | + | {{GSearch|Cardinalis+cardinalis}} | |
| − | [[Category: | + | <br /> |
| + | {{Video|Northern_Cardinal}} | ||
| + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cardinalis]] [[Category:Videos]] | ||
Revision as of 23:59, 7 May 2012
- Cardinalis cardinalis
Identification
Length: 7.75 inches
All ages and sexes have a crest and large, conical bill
Male
All red with black mask and chin. Wings have some gray. Orange bill
Female
Brown overall with some red in wings, face, and tail. Red bill
Juvenile
Similar to female but bill is dark instead of red.
Distribution
United States and Mexico.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
There are 18 subspecies[1]:
- C. c. superbus: Extremese California to Arizona, south-western New Mexico and northern Sonora
- C. c. seftoni: Central Baja California (south to latitude 27°N)
- C. c. igneus: Southern Baja California (north to latitude 27°N)
- C. c. clintoni: Isla Cerralvo (Gulf of California)
- C. c. townsendi: Isla Tiburón (Sea of Cortés) and adjacent coastal Sonora
- C. c. affinis: Western Mexico (south-eastern Sonora to south-western Chihuahua and western Durango)
- C. c. sinaloensis: Coastal western Mexico (Sinaloa and Jalisco)
- C. c. mariae: Tres Marías Islands (off western Mexico)
- C. c. carneus: (Long Crested) Coastal western Mexico (Colima to Isthmus of Tehuántepec)
- C. c. cardinalis: Eastern US
- C. c. floridanus: South-eastern Georgia and peninsula Florida
- C. c. magnirostris: South-eastern Texas and southern Louisiana
- C. c. canicaudus: Western Oklahoma and western Texas to east-central Mexico
- C. c. coccineus: Eastern Mexico (eastern San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, north-eastern Puebla and n Oaxaca)
- C. c. littoralis: Lowlands of eastern Mexico (southern Veracruz and Tabasco)
- C. c. yucatanicus: South-eastern Mexico (Yucatán Peninsula)
- C. c. flammiger: South-eastern Mexico (southern Quintana Roo), Belize and Petén of northern Guatemala
- C. c. saturatus: Cozumel Island (off Quintana Roo)
Habitat
Suburban Woodlands and parks, mixed forests and forest edges, back yards, high desert.
Behaviour
Winter flocks can be very large, up to 60 or 70 individuals in areas of abundance.
Diet
Their diet consists mostly of fruit and berries, buds, seeds and flowers, insects being included during the summer.
Vocalisation
Song: a clear whistling song. Females will sing along with the male.
It appears there may be varying accents in different localities.
References
- Clements, JF. 2011. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to August 2011. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/downloadable-clements-checklist
- Cornell
- BF Member observations
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Northern Cardinal. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 25 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Northern_Cardinal
External Links
