(taxonomy, refs, id, behav, remove incomplete) |
(Picture hanged for clearer image. Taxonomy expanded. Some extra info. References updated) |
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| + | [[Image:Stout-billed Cinclodes1.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Stanley+Jones|Stanley Jones}}<br />Parque Nacional, Cayambe-Coca, Guamaní, Napo Province, [[Ecuador]], January 2016]] | ||
;[[:Category:Cinclodes|Cinclodes]] excelsior | ;[[:Category:Cinclodes|Cinclodes]] excelsior | ||
| − | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | Upperside relatively dark, underside medium grey-brown, white throat, buffish-white supercilium, chestnut to buffy wing bar mostly concealed, curved bill. | + | 20–21 cm (7¾-8¼ in)<br /> |
| + | Upperside relatively dark, underside medium grey-brown, white throat, buffish-white [[Topography#Heads|supercilium]], chestnut to buffy wing bar mostly concealed, curved bill. | ||
====Similar Species==== | ====Similar Species==== | ||
[[Cream-winged Cinclodes]] and [[Chestnut-winged Cinclodes]] have straighter and shorter bill. | [[Cream-winged Cinclodes]] and [[Chestnut-winged Cinclodes]] have straighter and shorter bill. | ||
== Distribution== | == Distribution== | ||
| − | [[Colombia]], and [[Ecuador]]; possibly also [[Peru]]. | + | [[South America]]: found in [[Colombia]], and [[Ecuador]]; possibly also [[Peru]]. |
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | [[Royal Cinclodes]] has in the past been considered a subspecies of Stout-billed Cinclodes. | ||
| + | ====Subspecies==== | ||
Two subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | Two subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
| − | *''C. e. columbianus'' | + | *''C. e. columbianus'': |
| + | :*Northern [[Colombia]] (Santa Marta Mountains and Nevado de Tolima) | ||
*''C. e. excelsior'' | *''C. e. excelsior'' | ||
| − | + | :*Andes of south-western Colombia and Andes of [[Ecuador]] | |
| − | [[ | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | + | Montane humid, and semi-humid shrubland and rocky grassland. Observed at heights around 3500 tp 4200m. | |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| − | + | ====Diet==== | |
| + | They probe mud for food, sometimes as a pair. Their main diet consists of invertebrates, with some seeds. They also occasionally eat small vertebrates, such as frogs. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}#Ridgely and Tudor 2009. Field guide to the songbirds of South America - The Passerines. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-71979-8 |
| − | # Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156 | + | #Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156 |
| + | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved April 2016) | ||
| + | #BF Member observations | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Cinclodes+excelsior}} | {{GSearch|Cinclodes+excelsior}} | ||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cinclodes]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cinclodes]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:44, 29 April 2016
- Cinclodes excelsior
Identification
20–21 cm (7¾-8¼ in)
Upperside relatively dark, underside medium grey-brown, white throat, buffish-white supercilium, chestnut to buffy wing bar mostly concealed, curved bill.
Similar Species
Cream-winged Cinclodes and Chestnut-winged Cinclodes have straighter and shorter bill.
Distribution
South America: found in Colombia, and Ecuador; possibly also Peru.
Taxonomy
Royal Cinclodes has in the past been considered a subspecies of Stout-billed Cinclodes.
Subspecies
Two subspecies are recognized[1]:
- C. e. columbianus:
- Northern Colombia (Santa Marta Mountains and Nevado de Tolima)
- C. e. excelsior
- Andes of south-western Colombia and Andes of Ecuador
Habitat
Montane humid, and semi-humid shrubland and rocky grassland. Observed at heights around 3500 tp 4200m.
Behaviour
Diet
They probe mud for food, sometimes as a pair. Their main diet consists of invertebrates, with some seeds. They also occasionally eat small vertebrates, such as frogs.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2015. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2015, with updates to August 2015. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Ridgely and Tudor 2009. Field guide to the songbirds of South America - The Passerines. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-71979-8
- Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved April 2016)
- BF Member observations
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Stout-billed Cinclodes. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 19 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Stout-billed_Cinclodes
