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Phalacrocoracidae (1 Viewer)

Martyn Kennedy, Hamish G. Spencer. Classification of the Cormorants of the World. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press.

[Abstract]

Proposed classification:

Microcarbo: africanus, coronatus, niger, pygmaeus, melanoleucos
Poikilocarbo: gaimardi
Urile: pelagicus, urile, pencillatus [sic]
Phalacrocorax: capillatus, carbo, capensis, fuscescens, varius, sulcirostris, featherstoni, punctatus, fuscicollis, nigrogularis, neglectus
Gulosus: aristotelis
Nannopterum: auritus, brasilianus, harrisi
Leucocarbo: magellanicus, bougainvillii, ranfurlyi, carunculatus, chalconotus, onslowi, campbelli, colensoi, albiventer, georgianus, verrucosus, purpurascens, nivalis, melanogenis, bransfieldensis, atriceps

...The only living species that we did not sample whose placement is unclear is the Indian Cormorant, Phalacrocorax fuscicollis...
 
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Imperial Shag

Peter Kovalik said:
Martyn Kennedy, Hamish G. Spencer. Classification of the Cormorants of the World. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press.

Proposed classification:...
Click to expand...
  • Leucocarbo albiventer – Falkland Shag
  • Leucocarbo atriceps – Imperial Shag
[See also: Imperial Cormorant.]​
PS. But...
The South American Blue-eyed shags in our phylogeny (see Table 2) are labelled as separate species (e.g. L. nivalis and L. verrucosus), but this labelling is solely for convenience, as our classification is intended to be a generic one, with the species status of particular taxa in this genus being left for future study.
Click to expand...
 
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Guanay Cormorant

Incidentally, it's notable that no other mainstream checklists have adopted the emended spelling used in H&M4...
bougainvilliorum
Original spelling bougainvillii. Here emended based on internal information: two famous French mariners.
Click to expand...
 
Richard Klim said:
Incidentally, it's notable that no other mainstream checklists have adopted the emended spelling used in H&M4...
Click to expand...
This shows how subjective this type of emendation can be, I guess. Lesson clearly called the bird "de Bougainville" in French, which is unambiguously singular (plural would be "des Bougainville"). Transposing this French name to Latin, "in accordance with the rules of Latin grammar" (ICZN Art.31.1.1), with Bougainville's name latinized into Bougainvillius, can only produce Bougainvillii. It can not produce Bougainvilliorum.
But then, at the end of his description, Lesson added:
Le nom de cet oiseau rappelle deux marins justement célèbres dans les annales de la marine française.
Click to expand...
"This bird's name recalls two sailors [who are] justly famous in the annals of the French Navy." Obviously H&M4 assumed that this last sentence explains how, or after whom, the name was formed. This however is just an interpretation. If Lesson's intention was to name the bird after one Bougainville (which is what the French and Latin names suggest congruently; presumably the Bougainville who led the expedition that brought the bird back), its name might still, also, recall the name of the other.


Peter Kovalik said:
I guess Nannopterum is neuter gender (auritum, brasilianum), or?
Click to expand...
Clearly. ;)
 
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l_raty said:
This shows how subjective this type of emendation can be, I guess. Lesson clearly called the bird "de Bougainville" in French, which is unambiguously singular (plural would be "des Bougainville"). Transposing this French name to Latin, "in accordance with the rules of Latin grammar" (ICZN Art.31.1.1), with Bougainville's name latinized into Bougainvillius, can only produce Bougainvillii. It can not produce Bougainvilliorum.
But then, at the end of his description, Lesson added:

"This bird's name recalls two sailors [who are] justly famous in the annals of the French Navy." Obviously H&M4 assumed that this last sentence explains how, or after whom, the name was formed. This however is just an interpretation. If Lesson's intention was to name the bird after one Bougainville (which is what the French and Latin names suggest congruently; presumably the Bougainville who led the expedition that brought the bird back), its name might still, also, recall the name of other.



Clearly. ;)
Click to expand...


Laurent, thank you for your verification. B :)
 
Peter Kovalik said:
Proposed classification:
Microcarbo: africanus, coronatus, niger, pygmaeus, melanoleucos
QUOTE]

Peter,
IOC 4.2 currently has 'pygmeus'.... Although my inner pedant would prefer 'pygmaeus' or better still, 'pygmæus', isn't the IOC version now preferred by priority?
MJB
Click to expand...
 
Peter Kovalik said:
also by Dickinson and Remsen (H&M4) original spelling (Pelecanus pygmeus) is correct.
Click to expand...
Text [here], illustration [here], "pygmeus" in both cases.
(One could argue that it's impossible to make the difference with "pygmevs"--this text does not differentiate between two letters 'u' and 'v': it uses always 'V' in upper case, 'v' in lower case at the start of a word [even when the letter acts as a vowel], and 'u' in lower case within a word [even when the letter acts as a consonant]--but "pygmaeus" is clearly not the original spelling.)
 
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As mentioned on the Icterus discussion, we need to think about emending etymologies before names. The name always comes to mind before the etymology. The intention of what name to use is very clear in almost all descriptions ... Unfortunately, this is not quite what the Code says.
 
TiF Update July 1:
The cormorants have been rearranged somewhat based on Kennedy and Spencer (2014). Kennedy and Spencer (2014) also found that the King Cormorants from the Falklands are different from continental `albiventer' (labelled atriceps in the paper, and presumed a color morph). Because of this I treat the visually distinct King Cormorant of the Falklands as a separate species, Falkland Cormorant, Phalacrocorax albiventer (the type is from the Falklands).
 
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