RAH said:
There is an interesting article in the June issue of Popular Photography called "Resolution Roulette." MarkII.
What you say the article says is not all total nonsense.
With a small CCD you need less “magnification” or focal length to fill the frame.
Magnification is the ratio of image size to subject size – relevant for macro and micro photography… but for small subtended angles, the pixels (or square millimetres of CCD or film) per subtended square degree is what is relevant.
“Telephoto” is the type of lens construction – telephoto lenses are shorter than their focal length: Some lenses (e.g. my 2 600 mm lenses, my 640mm and my 400mm) are lenses of long focal length but they are not telephoto. My 900mm lens is telephoto… hopefully giving focus at infinity with a standard 600mm bellows.
If you have a very high res lens that can use the res of a high density, small CCD then, for narrow-angle subjects, using that lens, you may be able to fill your CCD with the subject and make the most of the res you have… without cropping.
You have to fill the frame to get the best res out of the format – this is not rocket science or anything specific to digital… and, if you are buying a camera system purely for bird photography (or other narrow situations like astronomy), a camera/lens combination with a small CCD will be a more cost effective option.
If you want to digitally take very high res images you need a very high res CCD, and a high res lens long enough to get the subject to fill the CCD.
Using a medium or large format film camera, or a very high res CCD does let you frame the shot loosely and crop and maintain res adequate for most purposes: E.g., if you had a 22MPx CCD and the agency or customer insisted on a minimum original file res of 11MPx…
For use with relatively low-res lenses designed for film, a small CCD may not give higher res, as the res of the lens may not match the res of the CCD.
Quality 35mm film lenses (Zeiss, Leica and Nikon) could resolve more detail than the high-speed films most people used for bird photography, and these lenses are (I hope) worth trying with large CCDs.
Just remember that you have to get close enough to fill the frame to get the most out of the res you have.