Picidae (3 Viewers)

Chloropicus: Winkler 2015 says: To avoid paraphyly, the Ground Woodpecker either has
to be included into Campethera, or the whole group has to be split into three genera. Tab. 2 lumps all species into one genus which by priority has to be Geocolaptes (SWAINSON, 1832) rather than Campethera (GRAY, 1841).
http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/DENISIA_0036_0007-0035.pdf .
Modern taxonomy and nomenclature makes Swainson the author, Burchell named the sub-genus in his MSS but Swainson published it.
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/87232#page/455/mode/1up . Cross symbol note.

Nomenclatorist said:

Other name: Cuban Ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus bairdii).

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TiF Update May 26, 2016

Woodpeckers: Since the name Baird's Woodpecker has been previously used (as has Cassin's Woodpecker), I don't see any better option than to call Campephilus principalis American Ivory-billed Woodpecker, and Campephilus bairdii, Cuban Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Редькин Я А. 2016. О подвидовой принадлежности некоторых видов дятлов Приамурья и Приморского края. Русск. орнитол. журн. 25(1332):3263-3272.
Red'kin Ya A. 2016. On subspecies affinity of certain species of woodpeckers from the Amur region and Primorsky krai. Russk. Ornitol. Zhurn. 25(1332):3263-3272.
pdf: click "РОЖ-2016-1332.pdf" [here], then the "Скачать" button.

(Discusses subspecific nomenclature of Dendrocopos major, D. leucotos and Picoides tridactylus in this region.)

Seems that the pdf link is not working properly. I've found here another one (I hope this is the same paper):

http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/o-...h-vidov-dyatlov-priamurya-i-primorskogo-kraya

But this paper is complete in Russian.

Melanie said:

Seems that the pdf link is not working properly. I've found here another one (I hope this is the same paper):

http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/o-...h-vidov-dyatlov-priamurya-i-primorskogo-kraya

But this paper is complete in Russian.

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Yes it's the same indeed, and I'm afraid I can't change the language.
I've used links from there before, and (I think!) they used to persist, but this seems not to be the case now.

I may ask someone to translate this paper for you if you want. If I can download it, of course.

Picumnus innominatus

Chuang Zhou, Yanqin Hao, Jinnan Ma, Wenbo Zhang, Yingzhu Chen, Benping Chen, Xiuyue Zhang, Bisong Yue. The first complete mitogenome of Picumnus innominatus (Aves, Piciformes, Picidae) and phylogenetic inference within the Picidae. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. Volume 70, February 2017, Pages 274–282.

[abstract]

"The paraphyly of Dryocopus and the polyphyly of Picus [...] were found"

Which corresponds to Picus and Chrysophlegma, Dryocopus and Hylatomus ?

LeNomenclatoriste said:

... Chrysophlegma ...

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'Golden phlegm' :eek!: :eek!: :eek!:

Who came up with that gem of a name??

Nutcracker said:

'Golden phlegm' :eek!: :eek!: :eek!:

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Golden flame from Greek Φλεγματος / Φλοξ (?)

African woodpeckers

Jérôme Fuchs, Jean-Marc Pons, Rauri C.K. Bowie. Biogeography and diversification dynamics of the African woodpeckers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 13 January 2017.

Abstract:

The dynamics of species accumulation of African terrestrial vertebrates over time remains underexplored in comparison with those in the New World, despite Africa hosting about 25% of the world’s avian diversity. This lack of knowledge hampers our understanding of the fundamental processes that drive biodiversity and the dynamics of speciation. To begin to address this gap, we reconstructed species-level phylogenies of two unrelated clades of African woodpeckers (12 species of Geocolaptes/Campethera and 13 species of Chloropicus/ Mesopicos/ Dendropicos/Ipophilus) that diverged from their closest Indo-Malayan relatives at similar times. Our results demonstrate that the current taxonomy is misleading: three (Campethera, Dendropicos and Mesopicos) out of four polytpic genera/subgenera are not monophyletic. Our results also show that current estimates of diversity at the species level are significantly understated, as up to 18 species for the ‘Campethera clade’ and 19 for the ‘Dendropicos clade’ could be recognized. The first splits within both clades involve species that are largely restricted to the Guineo-Congolian biogeographic regions, followed by later adaptations to particular habitats (forest versus savannah) and colonisation of other regions (e.g. Southern Africa), each of which occurred multiple times in both clades. Assuming a conservative species delimitation scheme, our results indicate that diversification rates are decreasing through time for both clades. Applying a more extreme species recognition scheme (18 and 19 species for the Campethera and Dendropicos clades, respectively), our results support a decrease in diversification rates only for the Dendropicos clade and thus underline the importance of the number of species included in our diversification analyses. Greater ecological diversity of the Campethera clade where multiple species exhibit either an arboreal or terrestrial foraging strategy might explain the constant diversification rates through time we found under the eighteen species scheme.

:eek!: :eek!: I looking forward to knowing their taxonomic suggestion. :-O :-O

Classification:

Stictopicus Malherbe 1861
Geocolaptes Swainson 1832
Campethera Gray 1841
Chloropicus Malherbe 1845
Dendropicos Malherbe 1849

(I note that, in the text, the authors still entertain the notion that, for the "Dendropicos clade", "One approach would be to lump all species into a single genus, Dendropicos, as traditionally adopted by several authors". But 1845 is before 1849: since Chloropicos was moved into this position, this is not an option any more. This clade should now be called the Chloropicos clade.)

so this is obviously the less extreme of their options, missing about 9 species compared to their "most extreme" solution.

Niels

LeNomenclatoriste said:

How will they solve this problem ? Merge all into Geocolaptes or keep Geocolaptes and split Campethera into Stictopicus for C. nivosa, C. caroli and Campethera for the others ?

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l_raty said:

Chloropicus Malherbe 1845

namaquus (Lichtenstein 1793)
xantholophus (Hargitt 1883)
pyrrhogaster (Malherbe 1845)​

Dendropicos Malherbe 1849

stierlingi Reichenow 1901
goertae (Statius Muller 1776)
spodocephalus (Bonaparte 1850) (incl. rhodeogaster Fischer & Reichenow 1884)
griseocephalus (Boddaert 1783)
obsoletus (Wagler 1829)
gabonensis (Verreaux & Verreaux 1818)
lugubris (Hartlaub 1857)
abyssinicus (Stanley 1814)
elliotii (Cassin 1863)
elachus Oberholser 1919
poecilolaemus Reichenow 1893
fuscescens (Vieillot 1818)​

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Why not four genera : Chloropicus, Mesopicos, Ipophilus and Dendropicos (including Polipicus) ?

LeNomenclatoriste said:

Why not four genera : Chloropicus, Mesopicos, Ipophilus and Dendropicos (including Polipicus) ?

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With stierlingi in Ipophilus together with obsoletus, then.
(This is a treatment that has been used before -- e.g. see [Google Books] -- albeit not frequently I think.)

And, of course, no generic name available for stierlingi. :-C

Sadness and sorrow

Melanie states "The common name Baird's woodpecker normally refers to
Ladder-backed Woodpecker (Dryobates scalaris)" Which is true but it got that name from a subspecies Dryobates scalaris bairdi which does not appear to be accepted anymore? http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/192136#page/195/mode/1up . So Baird's for the ivory-billed seems fine.

Tif Update January 14, 2017


Woodpeckers: Based on Fuchs et al. (2017), Chloropicus and Geocolaptes have been rearranged. I have not subdivided either genus as the species in each seem fairly closely related. I have split Fine-banded Woodpecker, Geocolaptes taeniolaema, (including hausburgi) from Tullberg's Woodpecker, Geocolaptes tullbergi. Fuchs et al. (2017) have noted some other possible splits, but I find those splits less compelling in the absence of closer study.
[Picidae, Piciformes 3.03]


It only remains for me to read it .

Shakya, S.B., J. Fuchs, J.-M. Pons, and F.H. Sheldon. Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Submitted article.