The subspecies C. a. scindicum is confined to the Indus river and its tributaries (Harrington 1914-1915, Roberts 1991-1992). Historically, it probably occupied suitable habitat all along the Indus, but it now occurs as three (or four) separate subpopulations (Roberts 1991-1992, Showler and Davidson 1999): (1) south-east Sind (Sanghar and Thar Parkar districts) along the Eastern Narra (Eates 1940-1950); (2) northern and central Sind, from around Sukkur southward to Nawabshah, and (3) south-west Punjab northward to southern North-West Frontier Province (Waite 1933). Recent records from Dera Ismail Khan district (Kylänpäa 1997, Showler and Davidson 1999) represent range extensions on the Indus floodplain. It appears that suitable habitat currently exists along the Indus between Taunsa and Chasma (Showler and Davidson 1999).