Violaceous Euphonia - BirdForum Opus

Male
Photo by Francisco Paludo
Casa da Rosane Taborda, Morretes, PR, Brazil, June, 2017

Euphonia violacea

Identification

10 cm (4 in)

• Orangy-yellow forecrown
• Glossy bluish-black upperparts
• Golden yellow underparts

Female and immature: olive green upperparts and greenish yellow underparts

Distribution

Female
Photo by Peter van Zoest
Casimiro de Abreu, Brazil, July 2007

Trinidad, Tobago, eastern Venezuela, Paraguay, northeastern Argentina, northern Brazil, and the Guianas.

Taxonomy

Subspecies

Immature
Photo by jarbas mattos
Ubatuba, Brasil, April 2011

There are 3 subspecies^[1]:

• E. v. rodwayi:

• Tropical eastern Venezuela (Sucre to northern Amazonas); winters to Trinidad

• E. v. violacea:

• Tropical Guianas and northern Brazil

• E. v. auranticollis:

• Eastern Paraguay to south-eastern Brazil and north-eastern Argentina (Misiones)

Habitat

Forests, second growth and plantations of cocoa and citrus fruit.

Behaviour

Breeding

They build a ball shaped nest on a bank, tree stump or cavity. The 3-4 red-blotched white eggs are incubated by the female.

Diet

The diet includes small fruit and nectar; only occasionally taking insects.

References

1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016, with updates to August 2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
2. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved July 2015)
3. Wikipedia

• List of references

Recommended Citation

• BirdForum Opus contributors. (2021) Violaceous Euphonia. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 29 April 2021 from https://www.birdforum.net/wiki/Violaceous_Euphonia

External Links

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