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| − | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by SulairDH<br/>Adult Male<br/> | + | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|SulairDH|SulairDH}}<br />Adult Male<br />Atlanta, [[Georgia]], [[USA]]]] |
;[[:Category:Cardinalis|Cardinalis]] cardinalis | ;[[:Category:Cardinalis|Cardinalis]] cardinalis | ||
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==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | All ages and sexes have crest and large, conical bill<br/> | + | Length: 7.75 inches<br/> |
| − | + | All ages and sexes have a crest and large, conical bill<br/> | |
| + | '''Male'''<br/> | ||
All red with black mask and chin. Wings have some gray. Red bill<br/> | All red with black mask and chin. Wings have some gray. Red bill<br/> | ||
| − | + | '''Female'''<br/> | |
Brown overall with some red in wings, face, and tail. Red bill<br/> | Brown overall with some red in wings, face, and tail. Red bill<br/> | ||
| − | + | '''Juvenile'''<br/> | |
Similar to female but bill is dark instead of red.<br/> | Similar to female but bill is dark instead of red.<br/> | ||
| − | + | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal_Juvenile_Female.jpg||thumb|550|right|Juvenile Female<br />Photo by {{user|ldsmith|Larry D Smith}}<br/>]] | |
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| − | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal_Juvenile_Female.jpg| | ||
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==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
[[United States]] and [[Mexico]]. | [[United States]] and [[Mexico]]. | ||
| − | |||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>==== | ||
| + | *''C. c. superbus'': Extremese [[California]] to [[Arizona]], south-western [[New Mexico]] and northern Sonora | ||
| + | *''C. c. seftoni'': Central [[Baja California]] (south to latitude 27°N) | ||
| + | *''C. c. igneus'': Southern [[Baja California]] (north to latitude 27°N) | ||
| + | *''C. c. clintoni'': Isla Cerralvo (Gulf of [[California]]) | ||
| + | [[Image:Northern_Cardinal_Juvenile_Male.jpg|thumb|550|right|Juvenile Male<br />Photo by {{user|ldsmith|Larry D Smith}} <br/>]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. townsendi'': Isla Tiburón (Sea of Cortés) and adjacent coastal Sonora | ||
| + | *''C. c. affinis'': Western [[Mexico]] (south-eastern Sonora to south-western Chihuahua and western Durango) | ||
| + | *''C. c. sinaloensis'': Coastal western [[Mexico]] (Sinaloa and Jalisco) | ||
| + | *''C. c. mariae'': Tres Marías Islands (off western [[Mexico]]) | ||
| + | *''C. c. carneus'': Coastal western [[Mexico]] (Colima to Isthmus of Tehuántepec) | ||
| + | *''C. c. cardinalis'': Eastern [[US]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. floridanus'': South-eastern [[Georgia]] and peninsula [[Florida]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. magnirostris'': South-eastern [[Texas]] and southern [[Louisiana]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. canicaudus'': Western [[Oklahoma]] and western [[Texas]] to east-central [[Mexico]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. coccineus'': Eastern [[Mexico]] (eastern San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, north-eastern Puebla and n Oaxaca) | ||
| + | *''C. c. littoralis'': Lowlands of eastern [[Mexico]] (southern Veracruz and Tabasco) | ||
| + | *''C. c. yucatanicus'': South-eastern [[Mexico]] (Yucatán Peninsula) | ||
| + | *''C. c. flammiger'': South-eastern [[Mexico]] (southern Quintana Roo), [[Belize]] and Petén of northern [[Guatemala]] | ||
| + | *''C. c. saturatus'': Cozumel Island (off Quintana Roo) | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Typical habitats are thickets and brushy areas, edges and clearings, riparian woodlands, parks, and residential areas. | Typical habitats are thickets and brushy areas, edges and clearings, riparian woodlands, parks, and residential areas. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| − | Cardinals feed on a variety of foods including seeds, leaf buds, flowers, berries, and fruit. Up to one-third of its summer diet can be insects. Its winter diet is 90 percent vegetable matter, especially large seeds. | + | Winter flocks can be very large, up to 60 or 70 individuals in areas of abundance. |
| + | ====Diet==== | ||
| + | Cardinals feed on a variety of foods including seeds, leaf buds, flowers, berries, and fruit. Up to one-third of its summer diet can be insects. Its winter diet is 90 percent vegetable matter, especially large seeds. | ||
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
Cardinals are noted for their loud, clear whistled songs, often sung from a high treetop song post. Females will counter sing, duetting with males—usually after the males have established territories and before nesting begins. Local variations and accents have been noted in cardinal songs. | Cardinals are noted for their loud, clear whistled songs, often sung from a high treetop song post. Females will counter sing, duetting with males—usually after the males have established territories and before nesting begins. Local variations and accents have been noted in cardinal songs. | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Cardinalis+cardinalis}} | {{GSearch|Cardinalis+cardinalis}} | ||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cardinalis]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cardinalis]] | ||
Revision as of 19:01, 23 November 2009
- Cardinalis cardinalis
Identification
Length: 7.75 inches
All ages and sexes have a crest and large, conical bill
Male
All red with black mask and chin. Wings have some gray. Red bill
Female
Brown overall with some red in wings, face, and tail. Red bill
Juvenile
Similar to female but bill is dark instead of red.
Distribution
United States and Mexico.
Taxonomy
Subspecies[1]
- C. c. superbus: Extremese California to Arizona, south-western New Mexico and northern Sonora
- C. c. seftoni: Central Baja California (south to latitude 27°N)
- C. c. igneus: Southern Baja California (north to latitude 27°N)
- C. c. clintoni: Isla Cerralvo (Gulf of California)
- C. c. townsendi: Isla Tiburón (Sea of Cortés) and adjacent coastal Sonora
- C. c. affinis: Western Mexico (south-eastern Sonora to south-western Chihuahua and western Durango)
- C. c. sinaloensis: Coastal western Mexico (Sinaloa and Jalisco)
- C. c. mariae: Tres Marías Islands (off western Mexico)
- C. c. carneus: Coastal western Mexico (Colima to Isthmus of Tehuántepec)
- C. c. cardinalis: Eastern US
- C. c. floridanus: South-eastern Georgia and peninsula Florida
- C. c. magnirostris: South-eastern Texas and southern Louisiana
- C. c. canicaudus: Western Oklahoma and western Texas to east-central Mexico
- C. c. coccineus: Eastern Mexico (eastern San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, north-eastern Puebla and n Oaxaca)
- C. c. littoralis: Lowlands of eastern Mexico (southern Veracruz and Tabasco)
- C. c. yucatanicus: South-eastern Mexico (Yucatán Peninsula)
- C. c. flammiger: South-eastern Mexico (southern Quintana Roo), Belize and Petén of northern Guatemala
- C. c. saturatus: Cozumel Island (off Quintana Roo)
Habitat
Typical habitats are thickets and brushy areas, edges and clearings, riparian woodlands, parks, and residential areas.
Behaviour
Winter flocks can be very large, up to 60 or 70 individuals in areas of abundance.
Diet
Cardinals feed on a variety of foods including seeds, leaf buds, flowers, berries, and fruit. Up to one-third of its summer diet can be insects. Its winter diet is 90 percent vegetable matter, especially large seeds.
Vocalisation
Cardinals are noted for their loud, clear whistled songs, often sung from a high treetop song post. Females will counter sing, duetting with males—usually after the males have established territories and before nesting begins. Local variations and accents have been noted in cardinal songs.
