(Picture of juv subspecies. C/right. References updated) |
(Picture of perched juveniles. Imp sizes. References updated) |
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==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | [[Image: | + | [[Image:PA040312.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juveniles<br />Photo © by {{user|marcsantacurz|marcsantacurz}}<br />Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, [[California]], October 2018]] |
35–43 cm (13¾-17 in) | 35–43 cm (13¾-17 in) | ||
*Pale bluish-grey upperparts | *Pale bluish-grey upperparts | ||
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The [[Dictionary_A-C#A|allopatric]] [[Black-winged Kite]] | The [[Dictionary_A-C#A|allopatric]] [[Black-winged Kite]] | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | |||
Very patchy distribution in [[North America|North]], [[Central America|Central]], and [[South America]]. | Very patchy distribution in [[North America|North]], [[Central America|Central]], and [[South America]]. | ||
| Line 20: | Line 19: | ||
Patchy range in South America with breeding in from northern [[Venezuela]] and [[Trinidad]] to the [[Guianas]], and in southern [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]], and northern [[Argentina]] and central [[Chile]]. | Patchy range in South America with breeding in from northern [[Venezuela]] and [[Trinidad]] to the [[Guianas]], and in southern [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]], and northern [[Argentina]] and central [[Chile]]. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | [[Image:Elanus leucurus bf.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile, subspecies ''leucurus''<br />Photo © by {{user|Rodrigo+Conte|Rodrigo Conte}}<br />Brasilia, [[Brazil]], August 2014]] | ||
The new world form of the ''Elanus'' complex which is comprised of White-tailed Kite (''Elanus leucurus''), [[Black-winged Kite]] (''Elanus caeruleus''), and [[Black-shouldered Kite]] (''Elanus axillaris''). These three species were until recently considered one species which was then called Black-shouldered Kite (''Elanus caeruleus''). | The new world form of the ''Elanus'' complex which is comprised of White-tailed Kite (''Elanus leucurus''), [[Black-winged Kite]] (''Elanus caeruleus''), and [[Black-shouldered Kite]] (''Elanus axillaris''). These three species were until recently considered one species which was then called Black-shouldered Kite (''Elanus caeruleus''). | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| − | |||
Two subspecies recognised<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | Two subspecies recognised<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
*''E. l. majusculus'': | *''E. l. majusculus'': | ||
| Line 29: | Line 28: | ||
:*East Panama to [[Brazil]], central [[Argentina]] and central [[Chile]] | :*East Panama to [[Brazil]], central [[Argentina]] and central [[Chile]] | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| + | [[Image:850 1587.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile, subspecies ''majusculus''<br />Photo © by {{user|marcsantacurz|marcsantacurz}}<br />Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, [[California]], August 2018]] | ||
Open woodland and grasslands with scattered trees, often near rivers and lakes. | Open woodland and grasslands with scattered trees, often near rivers and lakes. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
The diet consists mostly of rodents such as mice and voles, with the addition of other small mammals; they will also occasionally hunt birds, reptiles, and amphibians. | The diet consists mostly of rodents such as mice and voles, with the addition of other small mammals; they will also occasionally hunt birds, reptiles, and amphibians. | ||
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
| + | [[Image:White-Tailed-Kite-Flight-post.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo © by {{user|digishooter|digishooter}}<br />Lake Isabella: Kern Co, [[California]], USA, March 2014]] | ||
They construct a platform from sticks and place it in the fork of a tree or bush. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs which are incubated for 30 - 32 days. The young fledge at 5 - 6 weeks. | They construct a platform from sticks and place it in the fork of a tree or bush. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs which are incubated for 30 - 32 days. The young fledge at 5 - 6 weeks. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved December 2016) |
#BF Member observations | #BF Member observations | ||
#Blake Scinta | #Blake Scinta | ||
Revision as of 22:51, 5 October 2018
- Elanus leucurus
Identification
35–43 cm (13¾-17 in)
- Pale bluish-grey upperparts
- Black shoulder
- White underparts
Similar Species
The allopatric Black-winged Kite
Distribution
Very patchy distribution in North, Central, and South America.
In North America breeds in southern California and Texas but increasing and expanding range with breeding north to Oregon and along the Gulf Coast to Florida. In Mexico breeds in southern Baja California and on the east coast from Tamaulipas to the Yucatan Peninsula.
A recent colonist elsewhere in Central America with first breeding in Panama taking place in the 1970s.
Patchy range in South America with breeding in from northern Venezuela and Trinidad to the Guianas, and in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern Argentina and central Chile.
Taxonomy
The new world form of the Elanus complex which is comprised of White-tailed Kite (Elanus leucurus), Black-winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus), and Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus axillaris). These three species were until recently considered one species which was then called Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus).
Subspecies
Two subspecies recognised[1]:
- E. l. majusculus:
- E. l. leucurus:
Habitat
Photo © by marcsantacurz
Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, California, August 2018
Open woodland and grasslands with scattered trees, often near rivers and lakes.
Behaviour
Outside the breeding season they roost communally in groups of up to 100.
Diet
The diet consists mostly of rodents such as mice and voles, with the addition of other small mammals; they will also occasionally hunt birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
Breeding
They construct a platform from sticks and place it in the fork of a tree or bush. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs which are incubated for 30 - 32 days. The young fledge at 5 - 6 weeks.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved December 2016)
- BF Member observations
- Blake Scinta
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) White-tailed Kite. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 20 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/White-tailed_Kite
External Links
