The reason I give this lens full marks in review is not because it does not have shortcomings, but because the price/performance equation leaves it so far on the positive side that despite the shortcomings it is undeniably great value. Not everyone (especially me!) has the budget or bravery to invest in the large Canon primes - you obviously get greater results with these. But for the hobby and prosumer birder, this is an ideal entry point into super-telephoto, and they are frequently available second-hand.
I was aware of Sigmas advertising claim that their APO glass virtually eliminated chromatic aberration, and at first thought - Yeah, right, I would have to see that proved before I believe that! -. But it has been, in two years experience using it with a Canon 20D, and after tens of thousands of bird photos, a claim I happily reinforce.
Sharpness and feather detail are excellent for its class throughout the range, and consistently good for a zoom. Sweet spot from f8-f14, more than that is weaker. Mostly I use it at the 500mm end (bird photography usually demands the longest reach, at least in the wild). It is consistently sharp when I use it on a monopod, but like all lenses, it does not necessarily do all the work for you - you still have to work at technique. I also use a Canon L 35-350, preferable for flight shots, and when using flash, and when a nice bokeh is essential (the Sigma 170-500 is okay but not dazzling in this regard).
The weight is low enough that I can carry it all day long on a long hike without pain. The low price commends itself to use in situations where there is reasonable danger of immersion or damage by dropping, even if you have better lenses - I have been up to the waist in seawater, thigh deep in swamps, and clinging to rock faces in the pursuit of bird shots - and I know that if I lose this baby it will not bankrupt me, and I will be able to replace it!
Deficiencies? I will mention them but not labour them. Lack of focal length lock - disconcerting to have it flop out to 500mm with a clunk if I forget to extend it manually before lowering it, and I worry about the effect of the jarring on its life-span. The lens hood is cheap plastic and its mounting not robust. Slow in low light. You can use a Sigma tele-extender 1.4x (the manufacturer says no, but it does work) but I would not recommend it - not much better than careful upsizing if you have the Photoshop technique or software like Genuine Fractals.
In summary, I love this lens for what it does and do not lament the deficiencies. It addresses a large market need. If you want better, pay more - a LOT more. It has changed my world and given me some great experiences and some beautiful images. For those wanting to progress to top glass, but unsure about whether to pay big bucks - consider trying one of these as an intermediate step. I consider buying a second one as a spare. Well done, Sigma!
Cheers, Bruce