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Amazilia hummingbirds (1 Viewer)

Richard Klim

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Ornelas, González, Espinosa de los Monteros, Rodríguez-Gómez & García-Feria (in press). In and out of Mesoamerica: temporal divergence of Amazilia hummingbirds pre-dates the orthodox account of the completion of the Isthmus of Panama. J Biogeogr. [abstract] [supp info]
 
Mesoamerica

Jiménez & Ornelas 2016. Historical and current introgression in a Mesoamerican hummingbird species complex: a biogeographic perspective. PeerJ 4: e1556. [article & pdf]
Our results ... confirm that Central American A. saucerottei hoffmanni and A. saucerottei subspecies from South America (warscewiczi, saucerottei, braccata) are two different taxa with considerable genetic divergence. Thus, our results and those of McGuire et al. (2014) suggest that they belong to different groups of Amazilia species, and support the proposal of Stiles & Skutch (1989) that the Central American A. saucerottei hoffmanni is a different species (A. sophiae) based on notorious behavioural and vocal differences.
  • Blue-vented Hummingbird - Amazilia (saucerottei) hoffmanni
HBW Alive:
Remarkably isolated race hoffmanni sometimes considered to represent a distinct species on basis of behaviour and voice, in addition to distribution; this taxon formerly listed as Saucerottia sophiae.
 
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Amazilia violiceps and A. viridifrons

Rodríguez-Gómez, Flor; Ornelas, Juan. Genetic structuring and secondary contact in the white-chested Amazilia hummingbird species complex. Journal of Avian Biology, Recently accepted articles.

Abstract:

Pleistocene climate cycles have been recognized to be a major driver of postglacial northward range expansion of North American bird populations. During glacial maxima, allopatric lineages that were reproductively isolated might have come into secondary contact with one another during expansion periods and the genetic signatures of past hybridization as a result of secondary contact events should produce detectable hybrid zones. The white-chested hummingbirds, Amazilia violiceps and A. viridifrons, constitute a species complex showing phenotypic similarity across its range. One exception is the subspecies found in the Central Depression of Chiapas (A. viridifrons villadai), which shares some plumage traits with the endemic but allopatric green-fronted populations in Oaxaca. Phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy and species limits among violiceps, viridifrons and villadai have been controversial for decades. We assessed genetic structure of populations and introgression in this species complex by analysing 95 individuals at ten nuclear microsatellites and morphology. Bayesian analysis yielded four clusters. However, only two clusters generally match previously described mtDNA haplogroups, one parental taxon in the south (villadai) and a cluster with two admixed taxa (viridifrons and violiceps) that cannot be attributed to any pure parental population. High genetic admixture was recorded in the violiceps/viridifrons range, probably as a consequence of a postglacial northern expansion of violiceps. Signs of admixture and gene flow between violiceps/viridifrons and villadai were low. Historical and contemporary migration rates and Approximate Bayesian computations support a scenario of divergence with gene flow: a Pleistocene basal split separating A. violiceps and the other two clades are derived from a second split (villadai and viridifrons) or from a merger of violiceps and villadai into viridifrons due to gene flow.
 
Rodríguez-Gómez, Flor; Ornelas, Juan. Genetic structuring and secondary contact in the white-chested Amazilia hummingbird species complex. Journal of Avian Biology, Recently accepted articles.

Abstract:

Pleistocene climate cycles have been recognized to be a major driver of postglacial northward range expansion of North American bird populations. During glacial maxima, allopatric lineages that were reproductively isolated might have come into secondary contact with one another during expansion periods and the genetic signatures of past hybridization as a result of secondary contact events should produce detectable hybrid zones. The white-chested hummingbirds, Amazilia violiceps and A. viridifrons, constitute a species complex showing phenotypic similarity across its range. One exception is the subspecies found in the Central Depression of Chiapas (A. viridifrons villadai), which shares some plumage traits with the endemic but allopatric green-fronted populations in Oaxaca. Phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy and species limits among violiceps, viridifrons and villadai have been controversial for decades. We assessed genetic structure of populations and introgression in this species complex by analysing 95 individuals at ten nuclear microsatellites and morphology. Bayesian analysis yielded four clusters. However, only two clusters generally match previously described mtDNA haplogroups, one parental taxon in the south (villadai) and a cluster with two admixed taxa (viridifrons and violiceps) that cannot be attributed to any pure parental population. High genetic admixture was recorded in the violiceps/viridifrons range, probably as a consequence of a postglacial northern expansion of violiceps. Signs of admixture and gene flow between violiceps/viridifrons and villadai were low. Historical and contemporary migration rates and Approximate Bayesian computations support a scenario of divergence with gene flow: a Pleistocene basal split separating A. violiceps and the other two clades are derived from a second split (villadai and viridifrons) or from a merger of violiceps and villadai into viridifrons due to gene flow.

Accepted manuscript online: 12 February 2018
 
I have a general question about A. wagneri. Here p. 122 of 154 is written about

Taxonomy of the Green-fronted Hummingbird (Amazilia viridifrons) complex using mtDNA. GABRIELA M. GARCÍA-DERAS, BLANCA E. HERNÁNDEZ-BAÑOS and ADOLFO G. NAVARRO, Museo de Zoología, Fac.de Ciencias, Univ. Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Was that ever published?
 
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