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Vangidae (1 Viewer)

Richard Klim

Richard Klim

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Reddy, Driskell, Rabosky, Hackett & Schulenberg (in press). Diversification and the adaptive radiation of the vangas of Madagascar. Proc R Soc B. [abstract] [pdf]

[Although not flagged as Open Choice, there seems to be free access to the pdf at the moment.]
 
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Jønsson et al

Jønsson, Fabre, Fritz, Etienne, Ricklefs, Jørgensen, Fjeldså, Rahbek, Ericson, Woogg, Pasquet & Irestedt (in press). Ecological and evolutionary determinants for the adaptive radiation of the Madagascan vangas. PNAS. [SMNH]

Abstract
Adaptive radiation is the rapid diversification of a single lineage into many species that inhabit a variety of environments or use a variety of resources and differ in traits required to exploit these. Why some lineages undergo adaptive radiation is not well-understood, but filling unoccupied ecological space appears to be a common feature. We construct a complete, dated, species-level phylogeny of the endemic Vangidae of Madagascar. This passerine bird radiation represents a classic, but poorly known, avian adaptive radiation. Our results reveal an initial rapid increase in evolutionary lineages and diversification in morphospace after colonizing Madagascar in the late Oligocene some 25 million y ago. A subsequent key innovation involving unique bill morphology was associated with a second increase in diversification rates about 10 Mya. The volume of morphospace occupied by contemporary Madagascan vangas is in many aspects as large (shape variation) - or even larger (size variation) - as that of other better known avian adaptive radiations, including the much younger Galapagos Darwin's finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers. Morphological space bears a close relationship to diet, substrate use, and foraging movements, and thus our results demonstrate the great extent of the evolutionary diversification of the Madagascan vangas.
 
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Newtonia

Jane L. Younger, Lynika Strozier, J. Dylan Maddox, Árpád S. Nyári, Matthew T. Bonfitto, Marie J. Raherilalao, Steven M. Goodman, Sushma Reddy. Hidden diversity of forest birds in Madagascar revealed using integrative taxonomy. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 21 February 2018.

Abstract:

Madagascar is renowned as a global biodiversity hotspot with high levels of microendemism. However, there are few molecular phylogenetic studies of Malagasy birds, particularly for forest-dwelling species, signifying a substantial gap in current measures of species diversity in the absence of genetic data. We evaluated species limits and explored patterns of diversification within the genus Newtonia (Family Vangidae), a group of forest-dwelling songbirds endemic to Madagascar. Our modern systematics approach combined genomic, morphometric, and ecological niche data to analyze the evolutionary history of the group. Our integrative analysis uncovered hidden species-level diversity within N. amphichroa, with two deeply divergent and morphologically distinct lineages isolated in different regions of humid forest. We describe the southern lineage as a new species. Conversely, N. brunneicauda, which we initially hypothesized may harbor cryptic diversity owing to its large distribution spanning a range of habitats, was found to have no distinct lineages and shared haplotypes across much of its distribution. The contrasting diversification patterns between Newtonia lineages may be the result of their elevational tolerances. Newtonia brunneicauda has a broad habitat tolerance and elevational range that appears to have facilitated population expansion and gene flow across the island, limiting opportunities for diversification. On the other hand, N. amphichroa is found predominantly in mid-elevation and montane humid forests, a restriction that appears to have promoted speciation associated with climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene. Our findings indicate that species diversity of Malagasy forest-dwelling birds may be greater than currently recognized, suggesting an urgent need for further studies to quantify biodiversity in Madagascar’s rapidly disappearing native forests.


In Supplement 2 we provide a full species description of Newtonia lavarambo sp. nov.,
 
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Without sight of the description, I assume lavarambo is from the Malagasy lavarambo long-tail (that is what I have put in the Key, until advised otherwise).
 
Interesting. Inferring from the graphic in the abstract, birds from Ranomafana would still be in the northern group, and perhaps Amber Mountain birds in the north were not included?
 
James Jobling said:
Without sight of the description, I assume lavarambo is from the Malagasy lavarambo long-tail (that is what I have put in the Key, until advised otherwise).
Click to expand...
"The name lavarambo is a compound word derived from the Malagasy, lava (long) and rambo (tail), which refers to this species’ distinctive long tail."

(But, unfortunately, I doubt that this name exists; the online supplementary data, so far as the Code is concerned, are most certainly unpublished.)
(The description has been made "Supplementary data 1", by the way, rather than "Supplement 2" as referred in the text.)
 
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vernacular names of Newtonia lavarambo

l_raty said:
"The name lavarambo is a compound word derived from the Malagasy, lava (long) and rambo (tail), which refers to this species’ distinctive long tail."

(But, unfortunately, I doubt that this name exists; the online supplementary data, so far as the Code is concerned, are most certainly unpublished.)
(The description has been made "Supplementary data 1", by the way, rather than "Supplement 2" as referred in the text.)
Click to expand...

Supplemental Information for:
Hidden diversity of forest birds in Madagascar revealed using integrative taxonomy

Newtonia lavarambo, sp. nov. Goodman, Younger, Raherilalalo [sic] & Reddy
Southern Dark Newtonia (English)
Newtonia sombre du Sud (French)
Katekateka Atsimo (Malagasy)
 
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Richard Klim said:
Reddy, Driskell, Rabosky, Hackett & Schulenberg (in press). Diversification and the adaptive radiation of the vangas of Madagascar. Proc R Soc B. [abstract] [pdf]

[Although not flagged as Open Choice, there seems to be free access to the pdf at the moment.]
Click to expand...

IOC Updates Diary Apr 4

Revised Vangidae to include helmetshrikes, woodshrikes and allies

Moved Megabyas and Bias shrike-flycatchers from Platysteiridae to Vangidae
 
Bernieridae and Vangidae

J. Younger, J. D. Maddox, K. Wacker, C. Kyriazis, M. J. Raherilalao, S. M. Goodman, S. Reddy. Diversification of two endemic avian radiations in the biodiversity hotspot of Madagascar. IOC, Vancouver 2018, Oral Presentation.

Abstract:

Madagascar is renowned as a global biodiversity hotspot, a region of exceptional species richness providing an ideal natural laboratory for investigating the processes of avian diversification. In this study, we aimed to compare and contrast the diversification processes of two endemic radiations on Madagascar, the Bernieridae and the Vangidae, to determine whether similar speciation mechanisms generated their remarkable diversity. We sequenced genomic data (4,000 ultra-conserved element (UCE) loci) for >200 individuals, encompassing all known and putative species. We used this large-scale genomic dataset to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships within the Vangidae and Bernieridae families on Madagascar, and with their continental relatives on Africa and Asia. We estimated speciation rates through time to test the hypothesis that both families experienced an early burst of speciation upon arrival to Madagascar, and found that both showed a rate-shift consistent with adaptive radiation. We also uncovered several previously undescribed cryptic species within both families (validated with morphological data), suggesting that rates of microendemism of Madagascar’s birds may be greater than currently thought. Our study highlights an urgent need for further studies to quantify biodiversity in hotspots in order to implement necessary conservation actions.
 
Peter Kovalik said:
J. Younger, J. D. Maddox, K. Wacker, C. Kyriazis, M. J. Raherilalao, S. M. Goodman, S. Reddy. Diversification of two endemic avian radiations in the biodiversity hotspot of Madagascar. IOC, Vancouver 2018, Oral Presentation.

Abstract:

Madagascar is renowned as a global biodiversity hotspot, a region of exceptional species richness providing an ideal natural laboratory for investigating the processes of avian diversification. In this study, we aimed to compare and contrast the diversification processes of two endemic radiations on Madagascar, the Bernieridae and the Vangidae, to determine whether similar speciation mechanisms generated their remarkable diversity. We sequenced genomic data (4,000 ultra-conserved element (UCE) loci) for >200 individuals, encompassing all known and putative species. We used this large-scale genomic dataset to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships within the Vangidae and Bernieridae families on Madagascar, and with their continental relatives on Africa and Asia. We estimated speciation rates through time to test the hypothesis that both families experienced an early burst of speciation upon arrival to Madagascar, and found that both showed a rate-shift consistent with adaptive radiation. We also uncovered several previously undescribed cryptic species within both families (validated with morphological data), suggesting that rates of microendemism of Madagascar’s birds may be greater than currently thought. Our study highlights an urgent need for further studies to quantify biodiversity in hotspots in order to implement necessary conservation actions.
Click to expand...

interesting
 
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