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Parulidae (1 Viewer)

Sexual dichromatism

Simpson, Johnson & Murphy 2015. Migration and the evolution of sexual dichromatism: evolutionary loss of female coloration with migration among wood-warblers. Proc R Soc B 282(1809): 20150375. [abstract]
 
Evolution of climatic niches

Gómez, Tenorio, Montoya & Cadena 2016. Niche-tracking migrants and niche-switching residents: evolution of climatic niches in New World warblers (Parulidae). Proc R Soc B 283(1824): 20152458. [abstract] [pdf]
 
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Yellow-rumped Warbler species complex

David P. L. Toews, Alan Brelsford, Christine Grossen, Borja Milá, and Darren E. Irwin (2016) Genomic variation across the Yellow-rumped Warbler species complex. The Auk: October 2016, Vol. 133, No. 4, pp. 698-717.

[abstract]
 
Setophaga pensylvanica x S. magnolia

Kenneth G. D. Burrell, Jeffrey H. Skevington, Scott Kelso, Mike V. A. Burrell, Dayna L. Leclair and Stuart A. Mackenzie. A previously undocumented hybrid New World Warbler (Setophaga pensylvanica x S. magnolia) captured at Long Point, Ontario. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, Volume 128 Issue 3, pg(s) 624–628.

[abstract]
 
Blue- & Golden-winged Warblers

Moulton, Vallender, Artuso, Koper. 2017. The final frontier: early-stage genetic introgression and hybrid habitat use in the northwestern extent of the Golden-winged Warbler breeding range. Conserv. Genet. 18:1481–1487.
[abstract]
 
Matthews, Alix; Klimov, Pavel; Proctor, Heather; Dowling, Ashley; Diener, Lizzie; Hager, Stephen; Larkin, Jeffrey; Raybuck, Douglas; Fiss, Cameron; McNeil, Darin; Boves, Than. Cophylogenetic assessment of New World warblers (Parulidae) and their symbiotic feather mites (Proctophyllodidae). Journal of Avian Biology, Accepted article.

Abstract:

Host-symbiont relationships are ubiquitous in nature, yet evolutionary and ecological processes that shape these intricate associations are often poorly understood. All orders of birds engage in symbioses with feather mites, which are ectosymbiotic arthropods that spend their entire life on hosts. Due to their permanent obligatory association with hosts, limited dispersal, and primarily vertical transmission, we hypothesized that the cospeciation between feather mites and hosts within one avian family (Parulidae) would be perfect (strict cospeciation). We assessed cophylogenetic patterns and tested for congruence between species in two confamiliar feather mite genera (Proctophyllodidae: Proctophyllodes, Amerodectes) found on 13 species of migratory warblers (and one other closely related migratory species) in the eastern United States. Based on COI sequence data, we found three Proctophyllodes lineages and six Amerodectes lineages. Distance- and event-based cophylogenetic analyses suggested different cophylogenetic trajectories of the two mite genera, and although some associations were significant, there was little overall evidence supporting strict cospeciation. Host switching is likely responsible for incongruent phylogenies. In one case, we documented Prairie Warblers (Setophaga discolor) harboring two mite species of the same genus. Most interestingly, we found strong evidence that host ecology may influence the likelihood of host switching occurring. For example, we documented relatively distantly related ground-nesting hosts (Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla, and Kentucky Warbler, Geothlypis formosa) sharing a single mite species, while other birds are shrub/canopy or cavity nesters. Overall, our results suggest that cospeciation is not the case for feather mites and parulid hosts at this fine phylogenetic scale, and raise the question if cospeciation applies for other symbiotic systems involving hosts that have complex life histories. We also provide preliminary evidence that incorporating host ecological traits into cophylogenetic analyses may be useful for understanding how symbiotic systems have evolved.
 
Russet-crowned Warbler

Prieto-Torres, Cuervo, Bonaccorso. 2018. On geographic barriers and Pleistocene glaciations: Tracing the diversification of the Russet-crowned Warbler (Myiothlypis coronata) along the Andes. PLoS ONE 13:e0191598.
[open access]
 
Irwin D.E., Milá B., Toews D.P.L., Brelsford A., Kenyon H.L., Porter A.N., Grossen C., Delmore K.E., Alcaide M. & Irwin J.H., in press. A comparison of genomic islands of differentiation across three young avian species pairs. Mol. Ecol.

Abstract
 
A threefold hybrid; golden-blue-winged chestnut-sided warbler!

David P. L. Toews, Henry M. Streby, Lowell Burket & Scott A. Taylor. 2018. A wood-warbler produced through both interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Biology Letters 14 (11): Abstract:
Hybridization between divergent taxa can provide insight into the breakdown of characters used in mate choice, as well as reproductive compatibility across deep evolutionary timescales. Hybridization can also occur more frequently in declining populations, as there is a smaller pool of conspecific mates from which to choose. Here, we report an unusual combination of factors that has resulted in a rare, three-species hybridization event among two genera of warblers, one of which is experiencing significant population declines. We use bioacoustic, morphometric and genetic data, to demonstrate that an early generation female hybrid between a golden-winged warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) and a blue-winged warbler (V. cyanoptera) went on to mate and successfully reproduce with a chestnut-sided warbler (Setophaga pensylvanica). ...
[...]

Also reported by Huffpost (Huffington Post), here.
 
Setophaga americana x S. cerulea

Ryan J. Trimbath, Andrew W. Jones, and Courtney L. Brennan (2019) Evidence for hybridization between Northern Parula (Setophaga americana) and Cerulean Warbler (S. cerulea). The Wilson Journal of Ornithology In-Press.

Abstract:

Hybridization between Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea) and Northern Parula (Setophaga americana) has been suggested from field observations at several sites in eastern North America, but without quantitative data to confirm this pairing. Here we present the first mensural and molecular evidence to confirm hybridization of these closely related species. Two suspected hybrids were detected based on atypical songs detected during the 2014 and 2015 breeding season in Summit County, Ohio, USA. Analysis of tissue samples, morphometric and plumage data showed a combination of Cerulean Warbler and Northern Parula plumage characteristics; the overall appearance resembled a Cerulean Warbler male but with white eye arcs, a weak yellow wash on the breast, and some yellow mantle feathers suggesting Northern Parula parentage. A mitochondrial and 2 nuclear genes were sequenced. Both individuals' mitochondrial sequences were identical to Cerulean Warbler sequences, indicating that both had a Cerulean Warbler dam. Sequences from nuclear genes had a total of 10 heterozygous loci, confirming that they were sired by Northern Parulas. These hybrids, and other reports, come from areas where Northern Parulas are expanding their breeding range into Cerulean Warbler range, suggesting that this hybrid combination may become more common.
 
Basileuterus rufifrons

Alana D Demko, J Roberto Sosa-López, Richard K Simpson, Stéphanie M Doucet, Daniel J Mennill, Divergence in plumage, voice, and morphology indicates speciation in Rufous-capped Warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons), The Auk, , ukaa029, https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukaa029

Abstract:

The biodiversity of the Neotropics is considerable, but it is likely underestimated owing to gaps in sampling effort and a focus on using morphological features of animals to determine species differences rather than divergence in their mating signals and behavior. Recent multi-trait analyses incorporating morphological, plumage, and vocal data have allowed for more accurate quantification of tropical biodiversity. We present a comprehensive study of morphological features, plumage, and vocalizations of the Neotropical resident Rufous-capped Warbler (Basileuterus rufifrons). This species’ taxonomic status is controversial because the B. r. salvini subspecies is intermediate in plumage coloration between the neighboring B. r. delattrii and B. r. rufifrons subspecies. Using morphological and spectral plumage measurements of field and museum specimens, as well as analyses of vocalizations from field recordings and sound libraries, we compared phenotypes of all 8 currently recognized Rufous-capped Warbler subspecies, with an emphasis on delattrii, rufifrons, and salvini. We found that delattrii and rufifrons differ significantly in morphology and plumage, and that salvini is similar to rufifrons in morphology and some plumage features. Vocalizations fall into 2 distinct groups, delattrii and rufifrons-salvini, which differ in multiple spectro-temporal characteristics with no overlap between them, even among individuals in the delattrii–rufifrons zone of sympatry. Our results therefore suggest that Rufous-capped Warblers comprise 2 distinct groups: Rufous-capped Warblers (B. r. rufifrons and salvini as well as B. r. caudatus, dugesi, and jouyi) and Chestnut-capped Warblers (B. r. delattrii as well as B. r. actuosus and mesochrysus). Future genomic analysis of samples from multiple sites in Mexico and Central America will further refine our assessment of range-wide phenotypic and genetic divergence in this species complex.
 
David P L Toews, Gunnar R Kramer, Andrew W Jones, Courtney L Brennan, Benjamin E Cloud, David E Andersen, Irby J Lovette, Henry Streby (2020) Genomic identification of intergeneric hybrids in New World wood-warblers (Aves: Parulidae).

https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean...nnean/blaa085/5879242?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Abstract
The documentation of hybrids between distantly related taxa can illustrate an initial step to explain how genes might move between species that do not exhibit complete reproductive isolation. In birds, some of the most phylogenetically distant hybrid combinations occur between genera. Traditionally, morphological and plumage characters have been used to assign the identity of the parental species of a putative hybrid, although recently, nuclear introns also have been used. Here, we demonstrate how high-throughput short-read DNA sequence data can be used to identify the parentage of a putative intergeneric hybrid, in this case between a blue-winged warbler (Vermivora cyanoptera) and a cerulean warbler (Setophaga cerulea). This hybrid had mitochondrial DNA of a cerulean warbler, indicating the maternal parent. For hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms within six regions of the nuclear genome that differentiate blue-winged warblers and golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera), the hybrid had roughly equal ancestry assignment to blue-winged and cerulean warblers, suggesting a blue-winged warbler as the paternal parent species and demonstrating that this was a first generation (F1) hybrid between these species. Unlike other recently characterized intergeneric warbler hybrids, this individual hybrid learned to song match its maternal parent species, suggesting that it might have been the result of an extra-pair mating and raised in a cerulean warbler nest.
 
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