Bulletin 13: A thousand shall fall at thy side and ten thousand at thy right hand; but it shall not come nigh thee.
Ampelis [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Cotinga † Purple-breasted Cotinga C. cotinga) "108. AMPELIS. Rostrum rectum, convexum: Mandibula superiore longiore, subincurvata, utrinque emarginata. Lingua acuta, cartilaginea, bifida. Garrulus. 1. ... Pompadora. 2. ... carnifex. 3. ... Cotinga. 4. ... Maynana. 5. ... cayana. 6. ... tersa. 7." (Linnaeus 1766); "Ampelis LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., 12th ed., I, p. 297, 1766—type by subs. desig. (Gray, List Gen. Birds, p. 34, 1840) Ampelis cotinga LINNAEUS." (Hellmayr, 1929, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VI, 104).
Amphibolura [upgraded]
(syn. Phibalura † Swallow-tailed Cotinga P. flavirostris) Gr. αμφιβολος amphibolos double-pointed < αμφιβαλλω amphiballō to hit on both sides; ουρα oura tail; "Gen. Amphibolura (Vieill.). Phibalura!? Vieill. 1816. Chelidis Gloger 1827. Der Name Phibalura hat keinen Sinn und wurde deshalb von Gloger in Chelidis umgeändert, wobei aber unbeachtet blieb, dass Chelidis mit Chelidon Boie 1822 collidirt. Die divergirende Form der Schwanzfedern lässt vermuthen, dass Vieillot vielleicht "αμφιβολος" im Sinne hatte, wenigstens ist der so abgeänderte Name bezeichnend für die Gattung. Typus: A. flavirostris (Vieill.)." (Cabanis 1847); "Amphibolura CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13, (1), p. 233, 1847— new name for Phibalura VIEILLOT." (Hellmayr, 1929, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VI, 97).
Averano [updated]
• (syn. Procnias † White Bellbird P. albus) "Catalogue des oiseaux composant le cabinet de M. le Comte de Riocour ... Vieillot described many new species from this collection, and it is possible that he was involved in the preparation of this catalogue, but the authorship is not given. The generic name Averano appears herein for the first time, with inclusion of "A. caronculatus" and "nudi-collis." As neither of these species was included in that genus as proposed by Lesson in his "Traite d'Ornithologie," 1830-31, it becomes necessary to select a type species for the genus as here proposed, and accordingly I designate A. caronculatus [= Procnias alba (Hermann)] as such." (J. T. Zimmer 1926); "Averano Anonymous, Cat. Coll. Cabinet Riocour, p. 17, 1829—type by subs. desig. (ZIMMER, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser, 16, p. 12, 1926) "Averano caronculatus" = Ampelis alba HERMANN." (Hellmayr, 1929, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VI, 237).
• (syn. Procnias † Bearded Bellbird P. averano carnobarba) "CXXIII.e Genre. AVÉRANO; Averano. Ampelis, Vieill.; Casmarhynchos, Temm. ... Ce genre ne comprend qu'une espèce, qui est l'averano carnobarba; l'ampelis variegata, Gm.; l'ampelis averano, Vieill., Gal., pl. 117. Le Procnias melanocephalus, Wied., It., t. I, p. 26; Casmarynchos variegata, Temm., pl. 51; Cotinga, nov. sp., Cuv. Règne an., pl. 4, fig. 4. ... Son nom d'averano est contracté des mots portugais ave de verano, oiseau d'été, qui lui appliquent les Créoles; c'est le guira-punga de Marcgrave" (Lesson 1830) (see averano); "Averano Lesson, 1830, Traité d'Ornithologie, p. 364. Type by monotypy Averano carnobarba Lesson, 1830" (mihi 2020).
catamenia [new entry]
Gr. καταμηνια katamēnia menstrual, menstruous < κατα kata in relation to; μην mēn, μηνος mēnos month.
• "I cannot make out Calliste catamenia Bonaparte (Rev. Mag. Zool., (2), 3, p. 139, 1851), described as "Viridis, vertice crissoque rufescentibus." No locality is indicated. Although the type is credited to the Leiden Museum, the name has never been quoted again in literature. According to G. C. W. Junge (in litt.), the specimen cannot be found in the collections at Leiden." (Hellmayr, 1936, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. IX, 81) (unident.; ?syn. Tangara sp.).
Cotyle [upgraded]
(syn. Riparia † Sand Martin R. riparia) Gr. κωτιλας kōtilas, κωτιλαδος kōtilados swallow < κωτιλος kōtilos twittering < κωτιλλω kōtillō to chatter (cf. κοτυλη kotulē cup, hollow); "Cotyle: Hir. fucata Azz. Tem. col. 161; rupestris Gm.; riparia Lin. u. a." (Boie 1826); "In 1822 F. Boie (Isis, p. 550) proposed Cotile as a generic name for Hirundo riparia, L. But, unfortunately, in 1826 (Isis, p. 971) he spelt the name Cotyle; although in the same column we find "Cynnyris" and "Aegythalus," it is only the first misprint that has bred lasting mischief. ... In reality κωτιλας is a name used by Anacreon (99) for the Swallow; and κωτιλος is a familiar classical adjective, meaning "prattling," as κωτιλλειν means "to prattle." When Boie first wrote COTILE he undoubtedly had in his mind this idea of "twittering;" and all the confusion about a "cup" has arisen from a subsequent misprint" (Wharton 1879); "Cotyle Boie, Isis, 1826, (2), p. 971—type, by subs. desig. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., p. 9, 1840), Hirundo riparia Linnaeus." (Hellmayr, 1935, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VIII, 63).
Culicivora [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Polioptila † Tropical Gnatcatcher P. plumbea atricapilla) "CULICIVORA, Sw. Bill somewhat lengthened; the base depressed; the sides compressed; the culmen arched from the base; the tip notched. Rictus with distinct bristles. Wings very short; the first two quills only equally graduated. Tail slender, graduated, and generally lengthened. Tarsus long, slender. Inner toe shortest. Claws small, fully curved. America only. C. atricapilla. Zool. Ill.ii.pl. 57." (Swainson 1837); "Culicivora (not of Swainson, 1827) Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, p. 243, 1837—type, by monotypy, Culicivora atricapilla Swainson" (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, 485).
Cyanurus [updated]
Gr. κυανος kuanos dark-blue; ουρα oura tail.
• (syn. Cyanocorax † White-throated Magpie Jay C. formosus) "817. Cyanurus, Bp. ex Sw. (Cyanocorax, p. Boie. - Calocitta hinc Psilorhinus, p. Gr.) Rostrum nigrum: cauda longissima. Am. s. As. or. 4. a. Americani. 1. PICA bullocki, Wagl. 1827. (miles, Licht. - formosa, Sw. 1827. - gubernatrix, Temm. - Psilorhinus gubernatrix, Gr.) Pl. col. 436. ex Mexico or. Vera-Cruz. ... 2. PICA colliei, Vig. (Garrulus ultramarinus, Aud. nec Bp. G. bullocki, Aud. nec Wagl. - G. burneti, errore burnetti, berneti et bennetti, J. Gr. - Psilorhinus bullocki, Gr.) Zool. Beach. Voy. t. 7. - Aud. Am. t. 96. - Quarto edit. t. 229. ex Mexico occ. California." (Bonaparte 1850); "Cyanurus (not of Swainson, 1832) Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av., 1, p. 380, 1850—type, by subs. desig. (Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 3, p. 88, 1877), Pica formosa Swainson." (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, 11).
• (syn. Cyanocorax † Plush-crested Jay C. chrysops) "Genus, CYANURUS. ... Examples. - 1. C. cristatus. 2. Stelleri. 3. sordidus, Sw. 4. Floridanus, BON. 5. coronatus, Sw. Syn. 6. cyanopogon (Pl. col. 169). 7. pileatus (Ill. 58). 8. azureus (Ill. 168) 9. formosus (Pica formosa, Sw. Syn.) 10. cristatellus (Pl. col. 193), &c. OBS. - This group is distinguished from the European and North Asiatic Jays by the upper mandible not being abruptly bent at the tip, or very distinctly notched, by the under being weaker, and by the powerful structure of the feet. The two outer toes also are almost equal. The first three species are aberrant, connecting this and the last group [Dysornithia]. The typical species are found only in the tropics of America and India" (Swainson 1832); "The genera Psilorhinus and Cissa, with Cyanocorax of South America, form a little group by themselves; and I consider that Mr. Strickland was quite justified in separating from the last the blue Jays of North America, which constitute his Cyanocitta, An. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1845, p. 260; but as Corvus cristatus, Lin. is the type of Mr. Swainson's Cyanurus, I conceive that this must take precedence of Cyanocitta, Strickland" (Blyth 1846); "The type of the genus Cyanocitta of Strickland is Garrulus cristatus, Linn. as stated in precise terms by the founder of the genus ... Again, the type of Cyanurus, Sw., is not Garrulus cristatus ... This error was caused by Mr. G. R. Gray's [1855] unauthorized assumption that the first species in any author's list must necessarily be his type. But Swainson himself tells us that the first three species which he mentions (i.e. C. cristatus, C. stelleri, and C. sordidus) are "aberrant," and that the "typical" species are only found in the "tropics of America and India." It is obvious therefore that Cyanurus, Sw. (1831) = Cyanocorax, Boie (1826) as stated by Strickland l.s.c., and that Cyanocitta is the proper generic name for the "Blue Jays" of America" (P. Sclater & Salvin 1876); "Cyanurus Swainson, in Richardson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., 2, p. 495, Feb., 1832— no type designated. 2 ... 2 No valid type appears to have been designated for this genus. ... Though, by common consent, Cyanurus has been regarded as synonymous with Cyanocorax, it seems advisable to formally propose a genotype to set this name at rest, and we suggest as such Corvus pileatus "Ill." = Pica chrysops Vieillot." (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, 17).
Empidochanes [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Cnemotriccus † Fuscous Flycatcher C. fuscatus) "67. EMPIDOCHANES*. Empidochanes, Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 228 (1862) . . . . .Type. E. fringillaris. Empidochanes is also not far removed from Myiobius, but the bill is larger and longer, and the rictal bristles are not so much developed. ... 1. Empidochanes fuscatus. ... 2. Empidochanes fringillaris. ... 3. Empidochanes arenaceus. ... 4. Empidochanes pœcilurus. ... 5. Empidochanes salvini, sp. nov." (P. Scl;ater 1888); "Empidochanes SCLATER (not of SCLATER 1862), Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 14, p. 216, 1888— type Empidochanes fringillaris PELZELN = Muscipeta fuscata WIED." (Hellmayr, 1927, Cat. Birds Americas, V, 221).
imperialis [new sub-entry]
• Rudolf II Holy Roman Emperor (1552-1612; reigned 1576-1611 (deposed)) King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia, Archduke of Austria, patron of the arts and the occult (‡syn. Aphanapteryx bonasia).
Mimetes [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Mimus † Northern Mockingbird M. polyglottos) "Mehrere genießen, unter den besonderen Namen Spottdrosseln oder Spottvögel, (Mimetes, Mimus!) noch eines vorzüglichen Rufes wegen der, meist bewunderungswürdigen Fertigkeit, mit welcher sie auch viele Lieder anderer Vögel wiedergeben, und selbst die Laute mancher unbefiederten Geschöpfe nachahmen: gleich als wollten sie ein neckerhaftes Gespött mit denselben treiben. Vorzugsweise berühmt ist in beiden Beziehungen jene nordamerikanische Art, welche darum auch vorzugsweise die Bezeichnung Spott- oder vielstimmige Drossel führt. (Turdus polyglottus.)" (Gloger 1841); "Mimetes [(not Eschscholtz, 1818, nor King, 1826)] Gloger, Hand- und Hilfsbuch Naturg., 1, p. 303, 1841—new name for Mimus Boie." (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, 306).
montanei [new entry]
Prof. Julio Cesar Montané Martí (1927-2013) Chilean archaeologist (Fred Ruhe in litt.) (‡ Fulica).
Myiopatis [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Phaeomyias † Mouse-coloured Tyrannelet P. murina incomta) "47. MYIOPATIS*. Myiopatis, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. ii. p. 58 . . . .Type. M. semifusca. These birds, which I have previously annexed to Phyllomyias, certainly differ in the longer and more compressed bill, and had better, perhaps, be kept apart. ... 1. Myiopatis semifusca. Phyllomyias semifusca, Scl. ... Platyrhynchus murinus, Spix ... Myiopatis incanescens, Cab. et Hein. ... 2. Myiopatis tumbezana. Phyllomyias tumbezana, Tacz." (P. Sclater 1888); "Myiopatis P. Sclater, 1888, Cat. Birds British Mus., XIV, p. 123. Type, by original designation, Phyllomyias semifusca P. Sclater, 1862 = Elainea incomta Cabanis & Heine, 1859." (mihi 2020).
Oxyrhamphus [upgraded]
(syn. Oxyruncus † Sharpbill O. cristatus) Gr. οξυς oxus sharp; ῥαμφος rhamphos bill; "The genus Oxyrhynchus, Tem. [1822], is a difficult group to classify, but its structure and style of colouring show that it has no affinity to the Certhiadæ. I am most disposed to place it in or near the Icterinæ. The name Oxyrhynchus was given by Leach to a genus of fish, in 1818. (See Tuckey's Congo, p. 410.) Ichthyologists must decide whether that genus can stand; but if so, of course a new name must be found for the bird before us, which might be called Oxyrhamphus." (Strickland 1841); "Oxyrhamphus STRICKLAND, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 420, 1841—new name for Oxyrhynchus TEMMINCK, preoccupied." (Hellmayr, 1929, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VI, 1). Var. Oxyramphus.
Pachyrhynchus [sub-entry updated]
• (syn. Pachyramphus † Green-backed Becard P. viridis) "GENUS 1. PACHYRHYNCHUS. Muscicapas inter, Lanios Fringillasque intermedius, solitarie ac tranquille arboribus minus altis insidens, insectis victitans; capite crasso; rostro vix brevi, crasso, alto, rotundato-convexo, ad frontem largo, apice dentato, vibrissis mastacalibus raris; lingua apice fissa; digito laterali externo basi connato. ... SPECIES 1. PACHYRHYNCHUS VARIEGATUS. ... SPECIES 2. PACHYRHYNCHUS CAJANUS. ... SPECIES 3. PACHYRHYNCHUS SEMIFASCIATUS. ... SPECIES 4. PACHYRHYNCHUS CUVIERI. ... SPECIES 5. PACHYRHYNCHUS NIGER. ... SPECIES 6. PACHYRHYNCHUS CINERASCENS. ... SPECIES 7. PACHYRHYNCHUS RUFESCENS." (von Spix 1825); "Pachyrhynchus von Spix, 1825, Avium Species Novae Brasiliam, II, p. 31. Type by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 31), Psaris Cuvierii Swainson, 1821 = Tityra viridis Vieillot, 1816." (mihi 2020).
Schiffornis [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Schiffornis † Varzea Schiffornis S. major) "GENRE SCHIFFORNIS. — Schiffornis (Pr. Ch. Bonaparte). SCHIFFORNIS GÉANT. — Schiffornis major (Pr. Ch. Bonap., Ateneo Italiano, Ag. 1854). (PLANCHE XVIII, fig. 2.) Sch. supra cinereo-brunnescens; tergo alisque brunneo-rufescentibus; subtus rufo-cinnamomeo; uropygio rectricibusque concoloribus. Rostro pedibusque nigris." (des Murs 1856); "Schiffornis (not of BONAPARTE, 1854) DES MURS in CASTELNAU, Expéd. Amér. Sud, Ois., livr. 18, p. 66— June, 1856— type by monotypy Schiffornis major DES MURS. ... Schiffornis major BONAPARTE (Ateneo Italiano, 2, No. 11, p. 314, 1854; Consp. Voluc. Anisod., p. 4, 1854) is a nomen nudum." (Hellmayr, 1929, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VI, 77).
Saxilauda [new sub-entry]
• (syn. Geositta † Rufous-banded Miner G. rufipennis fasciata) "Wir besitzen den von uns Eingangs erwähnten chilenischen Vogel schon seit einer längeren Reihe von Jahren und hatten denselben ebenfalls als Typus einer neuen Gattung betrachtet, welcher wir den Namen Saxilauda — wegen der Aehnlichkeit mit Saxicola und Alauda — beilegten, und wonach unser Vogel als Saxilauda fasciata Nob. im hiesigen National-Museum aufgestellt war." (Philippi & Landbeck 1865); "Saxilauda PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Arch. Naturg., 31 (1), p. 67 (in text), 1865— type [by orig. desig.] Geobamon fasciata PHILIPPI and LANDBECK." (Hellmayr, 1925, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. IV, 2).
Sialis [upgraded]
(syn. Sialia † Eastern Bluebird S. sialis) Gr. σιαλις sialis, σιαλιδος sialidos unidentified bird, so-called from its cry; "Ces deux circonstances ayant également lieu chez le Rouge-gorge bleu de l'Amérique septentrionale (Sylvia sialis), et s'y trouvant réunies à d'autres caractères de forme et d'habitudes qui avaient engagé Vieillot à en faire un Motteux, sous le nom de Ænanthe sialis, j'ai pensé que ce nouveau genres Sialis (Sialia des Anglais) devait également figurer dans ma cinquième famille. Wilson et Vieillot disent positivement que l'espèce type, Sylvia sialis, niche dans des arbres creux et y pond des œufs d'un bleu pâle." (de La Fresnaye 1839); "Sialis (not of Latreille, 1803) Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 2, p. 162, 1839— type, by monotypy, Motacilla sialis Linnaeus." (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, 477).
Taenioptera [updated]
(syn. Xolmis † Grey Monjita X. cinereus) Specific name Muscicapa taenioptera Bonaparte, 1825 (= syn. Xolmis cinereus); "MUSCICAPA tænioptera, Nob. ... The conjectures of Vieillot have proved correct, at least in regard to this species; which is a MUSCICAPA of our classification, but a TYRANNUS of his: a peculiar subgenus might be instituted for it under the name of the species, which we have for that reason compounded from the Greek. This subgenus should be characterized principally by long and powerful wings, reaching almost to the tip of the tail, a somewhat more robust and elongated bill, and much stouter and longer feet. It is most probable that the five other Pepoazas of d'Azara will also prove to belong to this subgenus" (Bonaparte 1825); "Si dica lo stesso della mia Muscicapa taenioptera (tipo del mio sottogenere di questo nome) che dovrà chiamarsi Muscicapa polyglotta, Licht, avendo la priorità questo nome tratto dall' analogia delle piume col Turdus polyglottus; si vede anch' essa figurata da Spix. S'aggiungano come specie del mio gruppo Taenioptera le Muscicapae vittigera, velata (Spix 22.), dominicana di Lichtenstein ec." (Bonaparte 1830); "Taenioptera BONAPARTE c, Ann. Stor. Nat. Bologna, 4, p. 194, Nov. 1830—type by orig. desig. Muscicapa taenioptera BONAPARTE = Tyrannus cinereus VIEILLOT. ... c Although universally quoted from 1825, this name does not occur in Bonaparte's paper in Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, p. 370-387, and was obviously not proposed in a generic sense until 1830." (Hellmayr, 1927, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. V, 10).