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Names lacking in the Key (1 Viewer)

James Jobling said:
... when a suitable single icon can be found to distinguish sub-fossil and fossil genera. I will have great fun creating distinctive English names for the extinct type-species; I have already made a start on the moas.
PS. I will use the symbol € to distinguish Extinct Genus.
Click to expand...
A Euro sign!? With Brexit in mind ... you Brits ;)

I would have suggested a black box (unicode 25A0);
■ (filled square) ... often used as an indication of the end of an article (and why not of a taxon)

Or ⌘ (unicode 2318) ... in Sweden (and other Nordic countries) used for fornminne (ancient monument alt. archaeological site) ... on the down-side frequently used by Apple (as a command key)

Björn

PS. Either way; don´t forget to add it to the Key's "Standard abbreviations and symbols". As of now that € is far from obvious to understand.
--
 
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Calalp said:
A Euro sign!? With Brexit in mind ... you Brits ;)

I would have suggested a black box (unicode 25A0);
■ (filled square) ... often used as an indication of the end of an article (and why not of a taxon)

Or ⌘ (unicode 2318) ... in Sweden (and other Nordic countries) used for fornminne (ancient monument alt. archaeological site) ... on the down-side frequently used by Apple (as a command key)

Björn

PS. Either way; don´t forget to add it to the Key's "Standard abbreviations and symbols". As of now that € is far from obvious to understand.
--
Click to expand...

The normal way to mark an extinct taxon is: †

Fred
 
Calalp said:
Of course Fred, my suggestions was only intended as a way to separate the ones extinct in modern times (usually marked †) vs sub-fossil and fossil ones.

/B
Click to expand...

Björn, the † is also used for fossil and subfossil birds. Why do neornithologist always turn to "extinct in modern times"? What are "modern times", the arbitrary year 1500, do they need a bunch of feathers mounted on a stick? There are "recent" birds gone extinct after 1500 that are only known from bones († Bulweria bifax Olson, 1975, † Zapornia astrictocarpus (Olson, 1973), † Aphanocrex podarces Wetmore, 1963, † Upupa antaios Olson, 1975 to name just a few, all extinct after 1502, when people came to St. Helena, the Island that is famous for Napoleon Bonaparte).

Fred

I don't think you have to restrict yourself, go all the way!

Fred.
 
Björn and Fred,
The € icon (for Extinct, not the price in euros) is the only obvious one available to me in the Special Character Box of the HBWAlive Key. The symbols you refer to are not available there, and † is already in use for Type species. I have requested Ferran Gil of Lynx Edicions to insert the new character and other items, but he is presently on holiday until the end of July.
 
Ϯ (Coptic cross) = type species in today's Key, not † ... but of course too similar. ;)

Still I would think using the latter symbol for extinct (all dead) taxa would be better, as it's use is well established and obvious to anyone.

HBW Alive itself already use † for gone species (and subspecies). Concordance is a good thing.

Why not swap them around in the Key? Pick a new symbol for Type instead?

Or maybe simply too much job? Another question for Ferran Gil ...

Björn
--
 
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Bockakatoe Wells & Wellington, 1993. Martin has kindly provided a copy of the OD, showing that, as suspected, the eponym is after Walter J. Bock. The relevant passage is now quoted in the Key. Thanks to Martin and Laurent.
 
Extinct genera. Further to post #100 and subsequent comments on a suitable icon for extinct genera, I have settled on ‡ (the double dagger) (the use of € may not be politic at present) (see under Palaeo- for examples). A selection of names from Fred's MS have now been incorporated into the Key (but arbitrarily only those that are synonyms of currently recognised genera).
 
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Pseudosula ?

This name is a bit intriguing, because it was in the Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names, but is not currently in the Key.

Pseudosula was proposed twice for different birds:
  1. Boetticher H von. 1955. Der Blaufuß-Tölpel "Camanay", Sula nebouxii Milne-Edwards. Anz. Ornithol. Ges. Bayern, 4: 375.
    Type (apparently - I have not seen the OD; I'd be interested, should anyone have it) Sula nebouxii Milne-Edwards 1882 by original designation.
    (As a subgenus of Sula ?)
  2. Harrison CJO. 1975. The taxonomic status of Milne-Edwards' fossil Sulids. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Cl., 95: 51-54.
    p. 53. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40826471
    Type Sula pygmaea Milne-Edwards 1874 by original designation.
    (Junior homonym, replaced by Enkurosula Kashin 1977.)
The second one is a fossil; the first one is extant.
 
l_raty said:
This name is a bit intriguing, because it was in the Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names, but is not currently in the Key.

Pseudosula was proposed twice for different birds:
  1. Boetticher H von. 1955. Der Blaufuß-Tölpel "Camanay", Sula nebouxii Milne-Edwards. Anz. Ornithol. Ges. Bayern, 4: 375.
    Type (apparently - I have not seen the OD; I'd be interested, should anyone have it) Sula nebouxii Milne-Edwards 1882 by original designation.
    (As a subgenus of Sula ?)
  2. Harrison CJO. 1975. The taxonomic status of Milne-Edwards' fossil Sulids. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Cl., 95: 51-54.
    p. 53. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40826471
    Type Sula pygmaea Milne-Edwards 1874 by original designation.
    (Junior homonym, replaced by Enkurosula Kashin 1977.)
The second one is a fossil; the first one is extant.
Click to expand...

Here is the Kashin note:
 

Attachments

  • 011-387-387.pdf
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A row of (admittedly pretty obscure) replacement generic names published by Embrik Strand in 1943 in the Latvian journal Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica.


Name: Confusiana
Author: Strand
Date: 1943
OD ref: Strand E. 1943. Systematisches und Nomenklatorisches über südafrikanische Vögel. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 12: 69-77.
Page: 73
Link: https://books.google.com/books?id=FKtOAAAAMAAJ&dq=confusiana
OINS: n/a
Type: Falco cuvierii Smith 1830
Syn.? in use
Fixation by: replacement name
Fixation ref: see original name
Page: see original name
Link: see original name
OD of type ref: Smith A. 1830. A description of the birds inhabiting the south of Africa. [Continued from p. 241.] S. Afr. Quart. J., 1: 380-392.
Page: 392
link: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15969102
Notes: New name for Cuvieria Roberts 1922, preoccupied by Cuvieria Lesueur & Petit 1807 (Cnidaria).
Available: yes
Family: Falconidae

Cuvieria, l. c. p. 210 (1922) [nec Lesueur & Petit 1807-1816] benenne ich Confusiana m. Wie jemand noch im Jahre 1922 glauben kann, dass ein Name wie "Cuvieria" nicht praeoccupiert sei, ist allerdings schwer zu verstehen. Auch in seiner "Synoptic Check List" von 1924 figuriert noch "Cuvieria". (Falconidae)
Click to expand...


Name: Drepanita
Author: Strand
Date: 1943
OD ref: Strand E. 1943. Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica. XI. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 12: 94-114.
Page: 104
Link: https://books.google.com/books?id=FKtOAAAAMAAJ&dq=drepanis
OINS: n/a
Type: Certhia pacifica Gmelin 1788
Syn.? in use
Fixation by: replacement name
Fixation ref: see original name
Page: see original name
Link: see original name
OD of type ref: Linnaeus C, Gmelin JF. 1788. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species; cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Edicio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Tomus primus, pars I. GE Beer, Leipzig.
Page: 470
Link: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2897070
Notes: New name for Drepanis Temminck 1820, deemed preoccupied by Drepanis Rafinesque 1815 (which is a nude name, however).
Available: yes
Family: Fringillidae
Drepanis Temminck, Man. Orn. (ed. 2), vol. I. p. LXXXVI (1820) [nec Rafinesque, Anal. Nat. p. 69 (1815)] benenne ich Drepanita m. (Dicaeidae)
Click to expand...


Name: Edoliuta
Author: Strand
Date: 1943
OD ref: Strand E. 1943. Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica. XI. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 12: 94-114.
Page: 104
Link: https://books.google.com/books?id=FKtOAAAAMAAJ&dq=edoliuta
OINS: n/a
Type: Lanius forficatus Linnaeus 1766
Syn.? in use
Fixation by: replacement name
Fixation ref: see original name
Page: see original name
Link: see original name
OD of type ref: Linné C a. 1766. Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Tomus I. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm.
Page: 134
link: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42946330
Notes: New name for Edolius Cuvier 1817, deemed preoccupied by Edolius Rafinesque 1815 (which is a nude name, however).
Available: yes
Family: Dicrurudae

Edolius Cuvier, Règne Anim. I p. 350 (1817) [1816] [nec Rafinesque, DAnal. Nat. p. 65 (1815)], noch im Gebrauch, z. B. in Reichenow, Die Vögel II. p. 341 (1914), möge Edoliuta m. genannt werden. (Dicruridae)
Click to expand...


Name: Microa
Author: Strand
Date: 1943
OD ref: Strand E. 1943. Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica. XI. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 12: 94-114.
Page: 106
Link: https://books.google.com/books?id=FKtOAAAAMAAJ&dq=microa
OINS: n/a
Type: Anas brachyptera Latham 1790
Syn.? in use
Fixation by: replacement name
Fixation ref: see original name
Page: see original name
Link: see original name
OD of type ref: Latham J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive, Systema ornithologiae : complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates : adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. Volumen II. Published by the author, London.
Page: 834
link: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53510259
Notes: New name for Micropterus Lesson 1828, preoccupied by Micropterus Lacépède 1802 (Pisces).
Available: yes
Family: Anatidae

Micropterus Lesson, Man. Ornith. II. p. 416 (1828) [nec Lacépède, Hist. Poissons IV. p. 324 (1802)], wird von G. R. Gray in seinen "Genera of Birds" als Gattung (mit 1 Art) der Fuligulinae 1844 behandelt und figuriert noch 1913 in Reichenow, Die Vögel I, p. 140, ist aber sonst, so weit ich die Jahresberichte daraufhin durchgesehen habe, aus der Literatur so ziemlich verschwunden. Wenn ein Ersatzname nötig wird, möge Microa m. eintreten. (Anatidae)
Click to expand...


Name: Coleavis
Author: Strand
Date: 1943
OD ref: Strand E. 1943. Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica. XI. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 12: 94-114.
Page: 109
Link: https://books.google.com/books?id=FKtOAAAAMAAJ&dq=coleavis
OINS: n/a
Type: Merops carunculatus Latham 1790
Syn.? Merops carunculatus White 1790
Fixation by: replacement name
Fixation ref: see original name
Page: see original name
Link: see original name
OD of type ref: Latham J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive, Systema ornithologiae : complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates : adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. Volumen I. Published by the author, London.
Page: 276
link: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53510647
Notes: New name for Coleia Mathews 1912, preoccupied by Coleia Broderip 1835 (Crustacea).
Available: yes
Family: Meliphagidae

Coleia Mathews, Austral Avian Record I. p. 116 (24. XII. 1912) [nec Broderip, Trans. Geol. Soc. London (2) 5. p. 172 (1837)] benenne ich Coleavis m. (Meliphagidae).
Click to expand...


Name: Amazonica
Author: Strand
Date: 1943
OD ref: Strand E. 1943. Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica. XII. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 12: 211-216.
Page: 214
Link: https://books.google.com/books?id=FKtOAAAAMAAJ&dq=amazonica
OINS: n/a
Type: Sporophila castaneiventris Cabanis 1848
Syn.? in use
Fixation by: replacement name
Fixation ref: see original name
Page: see original name
Link: see original name
OD of type ref: Cabanis J. [1849.] Voegel. Pp. 662-765 in: Schomburgk R. 1848. Reisen in Britisch-Guiana in den Jahren 1840-1844. Dritter Theil. Versuch einer Fauna und Flora von Britisch-Guiana. JJ Weber, Leipzig.
Page: 679
link: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35303651
Notes: New name for Microphila Chubb 1921, preoccupied by Microphila Reitter 1902 (Coleoptera; Microphila Reitter 1902 https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47958082 is but an incorrect subsequent spelling of Microphylla Kraatz 1890, however).
Available: yes
Family: Thraupidae

Microphila Chubb, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 7. p. 192 (1921) steht im "Nom. an." ohne Originalzitat. Ist aber seit 1902 durch Reitter vergeben (in: Verh. Nat. Ver. Brünn 40, Abh. p. 257) und möge Amazonica m. genannt werden. (Fringillidae.)
Click to expand...
 
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Confusiana indeed! Embrik Strand had a lot to answer for. As the Empress Dowager Yi probably said, "He disturbs Our tranquility. For this he must be banished."
Thanks, Laurent.
 
James Jobling said:
... Embrik Strand had a lot to answer for. ...
Click to expand...
I assume he had ...

Strand, E. 1932. Pica pica pica (L.) ab. latviensis n. ab. nebst Bemerkungen über die Notwendigkeit aberrationen auch der Vögel zu benennen. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica Vol IV (No.1), p.38-57 (as in here, not seen in full).

The toponym latviensis (from/of Latvia), as in Strand's latviensis var., is as well not found in today's Key.

If it ought to be, who knows?
 
latviensis in "Pica pica pica ab. latviensis" is clearly infrasubspecific, as
  • it follows a trinomen, thus denotes an part of a subspecies, and
  • even if this was not the case, the use of 'ab.' (= aberratio) to qualify a name denoting an entity within a species makes that name automatically infrasubspecific as per Art. 45.6.2.
This in turn, as per Art. 1, excludes it from the scope of the ICZN. (If not from that of the Key proper. ;))
 
I agree, Laurent, that latviensis is an aberration, but as the name turned up on this forum, all is grist to the mill - so (for the sake of comprehensiveness) it has an entry in the Key (see under syn. in Standard Abbreviations and Symbols). Let us hope Embrik Strand doesn't bubble to the surface again!
 
jokowuru (and Ichthyetus)

Ichthyetus jokowuru (accompanying text implying Pandion (Ichthyetus) jokowuru, though) Lafresnaye 1842
in: d'Orbigny C (ed). 1842. Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle. Résumant et complétant tous les faits présentés par les Encyclopédies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, et les meilleurs traités spéciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles;—Donnant la description des êtres et des divers phénomènes de la nature, l'étymologie et la définition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques à l’agriculture, à la médecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome second. Au bureau principal de l'éditeur, Paris.
p. 432
https://books.google.com/books?id=i65TAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA432

Replacement name for Falco 'ichthyetus' = ichthyaetus Horsfield 1824, the type of Lafresnaye's genus-group name Ichthyetus, to avoid tautonymy; < Javanese name Iokowuru for the Grey-headed Fish-eagle Icthyophaga ichthyaetus, as given by Horsfield.
[...] mais, comme le Falco ichthyetus nous a offert des différences dans ses tarses moins robustes et non réticulés; dans ses ailes beaucoup plus courtes et plus arrondies, nous avons cru qu'il pouvait figurer comme sous-genre du genre Balbuzard, sous sa dénomination d'Ichthyetus, qui, de spécifique qu'elle était, devient alors sous-générique, et comme M. Horsfield nous apprend que les Javanais le nomment Iokowuru, il nous a paru convenable de lui laisser son nom Javanais; il devient donc pour nous l’lchthyete jokowuru (Ichthyetus jokowuru), sous-genre du genre Pandion.
Click to expand...
jokowuru is currently not in the Key.


The generic name Ichthyetus was already used by Lafresnaye on p. 49 of the same volume [here] (same spelling as on p. 432; erected as a full genus here, not as a subgenus of Pandion; not in the same livraison, earlier date of publication).
The dates of the Dictionnaire were reviewed by Evenhuis 1990 [here], who indicated that the publication of Vol.2 was complete by 30 Jun 1842; and that p. 49 of this volume, in livr. 13 or 14, was in any case published by 5 Apr 1841. Earlier appearances of this name were in Lafresnaye 1839 [here], spelling Ichthiyaetus, merely cited in a list of genera (nomen nudum); and in Gray 1840 [here], spelling Ichthyiaetus, where it was cited with queries and no species indicated (nomen nudum again). Gray 1841 [here], using the same spelling as in 1840, designated a type; but this is thought to have been published in Sep or Oct of that year, which would be later than Lafresnaye on p. 49 of the Dictionnaire -- the latter appearing indeed to be the place where the name was validly established.
In the Key, this name looks like it is taken from Kaup 1844, who spelled it 'Ichthyaetus' (as well as, once, 'Ichthaetus'); Lafresnaye's OS is not cited, even as a variant spelling. Kaup 1844 expressly credited Lafresnaye for this name (p. 122: [here]), and Lafresnaye had established it before 1844.
Neave cited the name from d'Orbigny's Dictionnaire (spelling Ichthyetus), but on p. 432 only (overlooking p. 49), and dating this instance '1843' (for a reason that escapes me). He cited variants from Lafresnaye 1839 (Ichthiyaetus, flagged as a nomen nudum); Gray 1841 (Ichthyiaetus); Blyth 1842 (Icthyaetus) [here]; Gray 1844 (Ichthyaeetus) [here]; Bonaparte 1854 (Ichthiaetus) [here].
(Neave did not cite Kaup 1844; nor, actually, any instance of the spelling Ichthyaetus used to denote the fish-eagle. He cited the spelling Ichthyaetus as of Kaup 1829 [here]+[here] for the gull (var. Ichthyaetos in Blasius 1862 [here]); and as of Sweeting 1837 [here] for the osprey (this one is nude under the current rules, I'm afraid; I doubt any variant spelling exists).)

(This state of affairs is a bit disturbing, because Icthyophaga Lesson 1843 [here] is a replacement name for "Icthyaëtus La Fresn." (deemed preoccupied by Kaup 1829). Lafresnaye's OS, however, does not appear preoccupied under the current rules ("one-letter difference"), and his name was quite clearly validly established before the publication of this replacement name. It seems reasonably likely that the original name was not used as valid after 1899, though. (Albeit searching for that is complicated by the numerous instances of 'ichthyaetus' used as a species-group name in the literature.))
 
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