It s a combination of all those things. I have always said that these 'cheap' third party zooms are not in the same league as a big canon white prime and nothing has changed my mind on that. BTW that Plover shot was taken with a 1.4x tc on. I had a used Canon 300/2.8 IS mkI which still can be picked up for around £2500 so not a lot more than something like the Canon 100-400 MKII. The 300/2.8 is a world beater at 300mm and you lose hardly anything whatsoever at 420mm. It was OK at 600mm but nothing special. The new 300/2.8 + a 2x tc mkIII is a lot better and a very usable and lightweight combo.
If I was up to carrying it I would have no hesitation in buying a Canon 500/4 or better still a 600/4 for bird shooting.
Just to show you how well a lens like the 300/2.8 takes converters here is a shot taken with stacked 1.4x tc and 2x tc to give 840mm - it is also cropped very heavily. I even had AF on my old 7D when stacking because the Camera only saw the 2x tc. BTW you cannot stack the MkIII canon converters (unless you put an extension tube in between them).
p.s. over the past year I have been very close to buying a 300/2.8 MKII on several occasions but I just do not do enough birding to justify it (still may go there though o
) That last Swallow shot I put up is the nearest I have managed to anything really decent with the Siggy but it still would have been so much better with a 300/2.8!