Passerines, Öland (1 Viewer)

I spent some days on Öland and I can really recommend going there if you're into birds . In just a few days and with very poor equipment (binoculars 17x magnification) and being beginners in this field anyway, me and a friend identified over 80 species (including Hoopoe, Golden Plover, Penduline Tit and several birds of prey). But these damn warblers are so difficult to identify. They all look the same, hide well and move very quickly. So please help me out on 2 of them and on one other bird.

1) Greater or lesser White throat (how to distinguish)?
2) Another warbler
3) Some pipit perhaps?

Thanks already!

1) lesser (e.g. black legs and bill, stronger contrast beween dark cap esp. around eye and chin)
2) willow warbler i think
3) tree pipit

Thanks! What makes you think the 2nd is a Willow Warbler and not for instance a Chiffchaff, Greenish or Wood Warbler?

Wood warbler has different proportions (more front-heavy), is pure white below with a stronger yellow wash to the supercilium, face and throat (sometimes extending to upper-breast but not always) and has longer undertail coverts.

Some good images of a spring Wood Warbler, note also the deeply forked tail: http://www.suesbirdphotos.co.uk/WOODWARBLER.htm

Chiffchaff can be quite tricky to separate when the primary projection (wing lenght) is not visible, as here. But a Chiffchaff would rarely, if ever, appear so whitish below which is quite typical of Willow warbler in spring. The face pattern with rather stong supercilium fits Willow best, and so does the demarcation between the yellowish throat/upper-breast and the rest of the underparts.

Spring Chiffchaff: http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/natureuk/chiffchaff-chris-berry.jpg

Greenish warbler would show a stronger face pattern, with wider supercilium and bigger, darker eye-stripe. I would expect the yellow lower mandibule to be more obvious on a Greenish. And of course, when the upperparts are visible they are much more greenish than on a Willow.

Some Greenish from Tarsiger: http://www.tarsiger.com/gallery/ind...=&order=lisays_paiva+DESC&sel=3&find=find&r=1