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Message: <blockquote data-quote="ceasar" data-source="post: 1589124" data-attributes="member: 26155">Nice to see you back, Alec.  I was wondering when you would reappear!  You notes always are informative.I wasn't quoting Sibley.  I was citing Brian K. Wheeler and his extensive range maps in RAPTORS of Western North America and his notes and photographs therein.  At plate 194 (p207) he shows a very light breasted, very finely barred adult female Northern Goshawk (Oct.) specifically noting the "Underparts finely barred with gray." and "Broad black tail bands".  Plate 191 also shows a very light breasted, finely barred adult female.  It also shows a good view of the auricular patch much like that seen in Photo 1 above.  (For other readers info, there are 11 pages devoted to Cooper's hawks and 18 pages to Northern Goshawks if you want to get the book, but it is an extremely detailed work.)  He also notes on page 194 under SPECIES TRAITS of A.g. atricapillus (the subspecies found in Manitoba, according to his maps) the the undertail of the adult female "has distinct equal width dark bands......" and notes that the adult male's undertail can "(3)have two or three partial or complete wide dark bands.(quotes and large print emphasis and italics are the authors.)Cordially,Bob</blockquote>