Hi all.
If not to worn, as can be seen on Lou,s images greater overts and tertial pattern of juv/1st winter Yellow-legged Gull has a degree of variation, as in other LWHG. Gulls vary, so why should YLG or Caspian be any exception from this well known fact? Who would bother to study the tertial and covert parttern in Herring Gulls? Now, there are also other features to consider when separating YLG, CG and Herring but the pattern of these feather tracts are very important and usually do differ quite obviously when considered fairly typical, typical - a word not so much associated with gull plumages! However - as much as gulls (and birds in general) shows a certain degree of variation, gulls especially (important to remember!) gulls generally show less variation in fresh juvenile plumages - problems usually arising after, or during the first partial moult to 1st winter plumage.
The focus on the tertial and covert pattern in YLG or Caspian has partly to do with the separation of Herring Gull, which has a different pattern on these feather tracts, apart from other significant differences - such as structure, bill shape - moult pattern and to a certain degree, timing of moult.
Considering the greater coverts the examples above in Lou,s post - bird 4 & 5 has somewhat the pattern we usually associate with YLG, give and take also bird 1, with the inner ones being barred and gradually darkerning on the outer creating a dark rectangle.
In the eatern part of YLG range some show an almost Herring Gull, or Great-Black backed Gull pattern with all, or almost all greater coverts pale and barred.
On the other hand some Herring shows a pattern quite similar to YLG, or Caspian.
http://www.elisanet.fi/antero.lindholm/public_html/lokki/lararg1kvtumma.htm
Which is which? Note pattern of inner primaries, rump, inner tail, bill, degree of contrast in plumage and so on.
http://www.bongariliitto.fi/kuvat/1...larmic8DU_20030816_tamper_rauvi/IMG_23456.jpg
Some with pattern of greater coverts rather similar to some Herring Gulls. Note that the outer coverts can be hidden by overlaying flank feathers!
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/2/377932.jpg
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/8/375138.jpg
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/6/140786.jpg
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/0/139220.jpg
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/2/139192.jpg
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/2/138922.jpg
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/0/138910.jpg
YLG and Caspian, which is which?
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/7/138907.jpg
Not so difficult to spot the YLG:
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/5/300235.jpg
Tertial pattern usually differ - YLG dark centered with pale egdes - usually not reaching the greater coverts - with a variable pattern of pale markings near the tip at the edges or internal ones. On Herring usually with more pale notches at the edges.
http://www.pbase.com/corstiaan/image/83783302
Exceptions occur:
http://waarneming.nl/fotonew/3/192153.jpg
http://www.netfugl.dk/pictures.php?id=showpicture&picture_id=18407
http://www.netfugl.dk/pictures.php?id=showpicture&picture_id=18110
http://www.netfugl.dk/pictures.php?id=showpicture&picture_id=17757
http://www.helsinki.fi/~rauste/juvmic/p_bulg/index2.html
Classic:
http://www.netfugl.dk/pictures.php?id=showpicture&picture_id=13189
http://www.xs4all.nl/~daarruud/michahellis.html
Herring:
http://www.pbase.com/corstiaan/image/87899957
http://www.helsinki.fi/~rauste/juvmic/args/
http://www.netfugl.dk/pictures.php?id=showpicture&picture_id=5631
http://www.xs4all.nl/~daarruud/argentatus.html
http://www.elisanet.fi/hj.koskinen/1cyGull_20070923.html
http://www.elisanet.fi/hj.koskinen/1cyarg_20070923.html
http://www.elisanet.fi/hj.koskinen/1wargTara_July.html
http://www.elisanet.fi/hj.koskinen/1w_arg_Tara_January.html
http://www.xs4all.nl/~calidris/comp.htm
http://www.xs4all.nl/~calidris/witkoppen.htm
JanJ