Optic - Am curious how many birders have never seen the binoculars you mentioned above in post 116? I suspect most of the younger folks simply haven't. I'll focus on what is called the Bushnell Custom 7x35. They were imported from Japan in large numbers as you know about a half century ago. I have three of these all with slightly different lengths of barrels.
My favorite ones were made by Fuji, and they will rival anything made in that era by Zeiss or B&L (or any other maker) in terms of pure optics and construction. We both know they don't have the latest coatings and coverings, but a careful user will find them quite adequate for most birding. How do you tell if Fuji made it? Look on the cap (the back one on the hinge). If a small engraved image like a volcano with FPO is on it, Fuji made it.
It is in the area of coatings and construction that the Customs show superiority in their own special way. B&L coatings in the Zephyrs are relatively soft and easily rubbed off. This is true of even one of my favorites, Zeiss's Classic 7x42. The Japanese coatings are much harder and durable.
But the construction of the Customs is where the true difference in durability is shown. All these cosmetically attractive binoculars flooding the market today, from really flimsy to super expensive models will not be without serious problems after 50 years of use. I say that dogmatically because every Custom I have had and used (numbering in the dozens of 7,8,9,and 10 power) have shown remarkable durability.
Reading all the comments on focusing problems of some of today's aphas, convinces me the designers have sacrificed function in favor of form. Almost every aspect of the American culture today exhibits what binocular designers are doing - image rather than substance. The Customs possess both, but they are ancient in the eyes of many users today. They focus correctly, i.e., the timing is accurate and they stay in collimation.
The only criticism I can make of the Customs is when someone introduced the Insta-Focus in later models, which in my opinion is the most God awful so-call improvement ever inflicted upon the binocular world. Avoid those. Choose a Custom with the proven design, a wheel moving the oculars and the diopter adjustment on the right ocular. Even eye glass wears will find the Custom friendly. An appropriate O ring can be glued (contact cement, not epoxy) to protect the eye lens, But the nylon cup has never damaged any of my eye glasses because of contact.
Many models of Zeiss porros from that era show haze on the prisms. If the Custom has not spent time in the fungus belt, it will remain unblemished for decades. Bill, the Navy guy, probably knows more about internal construction of binoculars than anyone alive today. B & L made the best for years. His opinions (shall I say experiences) are worth internalizing. Persons new to birding should pay close attention to what he writes.
Many users of Customs are in my age bracket and are simply dying, leaving to the vagaries of chance where the Customs will end up, on Ebay or in some pawn shop. Eventually, I predict, they will reach the status of Zeiss binoculars of that era.
Americans tend to forget it was the Japanese that helped reform the US automotive industry. Nikon press cameras are the standard of the world, not Leicas. The best Japanese optics match anything made today and even fifty years ago.
John