Living up to my username
This week I carried out the annual count at a Deeside Capercaillie lek for the seventh successive year (previous years' accounts are
here). I was slightly dreading what I might find - the Capercaillie is really struggling in Deeside and this particular lek has declined from being the largest on Deeside with at least 8 males in 2006, to only 2-3 males last year. Would there be any birds left this year?
At 5.30am I was picked up by the keeper in his landrover and we were soon heading up through the forests on a calm chilly morning. This particular lek is strung out through a 200 metre stretch of woodland with a landrover track along one side, so rather than using hides, we have always driven slowly along the track, stopping to look and listen for displaying birds. It possibly disturbs the birds a bit more than using a hide, but much less than being on foot (which usually flushes them). In 2008 we watched a male mating with two hens from the landrover, so they can't be that bothered by the vehicle!
We were soon into the lek area, but there was no sign of anything at first. Then suddenly I saw the distinctive black shape of a male through the trees up ahead. He wasn't doing much, but as we drew up alongside him and about 25 metres away, he fanned his tail and started strutting round. Through binoculars I could see several wounds on his head - this was a good sign as it meant he had been fighting and so he wasn't the only one left.
After a few minutes we moved on but it was another 100 metres before I spotted a small black shape through some particularly dense trees. It looked like a Caper's head poking up above the blaeberry, but even through binoculars in the low light I wasn't sure. Then suddenly it disappeared behind a tree and there was a brief glimpse of a fanned tail swinging round and disappearing. It was another male, but that was all we saw of it. It is always surprising how difficult it is to see displaying Capercaillies, even when you know they are there. They disappear behind trees and hummocks and can remain completely motionless for long periods.
Once we were clear of the lek we turned round to repeat the survey on the way back. Although we didn't see the second male again, we could hear him, clicking and popping from the same area of trees. It's not a loud sound and doesn't carry very far. I wondered if we had missed a male as they are usually around 50 metres apart rather than the 100m between the two that we had seen today. Sure enough, 50 metres further along I spotted a male through the trees - he didn't have any wounds on his head so he was definitely a third individual.
50 metres further along and we returned to scarface again. He was displaying much more vigorously now - it was 7am and the sun was just peeping through the trees. He performed a flutter-jump, an impressive noisy flight for a few metres through the trees, and was clicking, wheezing and popping away. For the first time in 7 years I managed to get a reasonable photo - usually the light levels are just too low.
Finally we stopped another 50 metres further along (where we had seen the birds mating in 2008). After several minutes of listening I heard a burst of clicking from the trees here. I can't be 100% sure that it wasn't scarface, but the direction of the sound makes me reasonably sure that there was a fourth male here, out of sight.
So, 3-4 males in total is not too bad. They haven't declined any further from last year, and there is the possibility of a slight increase. Let's hope for a good breeding season this year.
PS - This lek visit was carried out under a Schedule 1 licence as part of a co-ordinated national program of lek surveys. It is an offence to disturb Capercaillies at the lek, but the RSPB offers the opportunity to see Capers lekking at Loch Garten from the comfort of the hide, without disturbing them.