Difference between revisions of "Hawaiian Hawk" - BirdForum Opus

Revision as of 18:28, 7 October 2017

Photo by bkrownd
Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii August 2007

Alternative name: 'Io

Buteo solitarius

Identification

37–46 cm (14½-18 in); the female is larger than the male
Two colour morphs:

Dark phase
- Dark brown head, breast, and underwings
Light phase
- Dark head, light breast and light underwings

Feet and legs are yellow in adults and green in juveniles

Distribution

Photo by Cubbybear1963
Mana Road, Hawaii Island, April 2017

Hawaii. Restricted to the island of Hawai'i, where it is widely distributed at all elevations, in both natural and disturbed habitats.

It is possible that some of them may occasionally stray to Maui County, but they have never been recorded regularly there.

Taxonomy

This is a monotypic species^[1].

Habitat

Present in all habitats on Hawaii Island, from coastline to treeline.

Behaviour

Breeding

The breeding season runs from March to August. The clutch usually consists of a single egg which is incubated by the female for 38 days. After the egg is hatched, the male is only allowed near the nest to bring. The chick fledges at seven or eight weeks.

Diet

Diet includes small mammals, rodents, insects, small birds. They do catch introduced rodent species too.

References

Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017, with updates to August 2017. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved August 2014)
BF Member observations
Wikipedia

List of references

Recommended Citation

BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Hawaiian Hawk. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 23 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Hawaiian_Hawk

External Links

Search for photos of Hawaiian Hawk in the gallery

Search for videos of Hawaiian Hawk on BirdForum TV

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-;Buteo solitarius
+[[Image:Hawaiian_hawk.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|bkrownd|bkrownd}} <br />[[Volcanoes National Park]], [[Hawaii]] August 2007]]
-[[Image:Hawaiian_Hawk.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by bkrownd]]
+'''Alternative name:  'Io'''
+;[[:Category:Buteo|Buteo]] solitarius
 ==Identification==
-Location:  Saddle Road powerline service road, eastern saddle, Hawai'i
+–46 cm (14½-18 in);  the female is larger than the male<br />
-==Hawaiian name==
+Two colour morphs:<br />
-Hawaiian name is 'io
+*'''Dark phase'''
+**Dark brown head, breast, and underwings
-The Hawaiian Hawk or Io, (Buteo solitarius), is a raptor of the Buteo genus native to Hawai'i. For residents of the North American mainland, perhaps the most familiar buteo is the Red-tailed Hawk. Buteos tend to be easily recognized by their bulky bodies relative to their overall length and wingspan. The 'Io is the only hawk that occurs in Hawaii, where they are only known to breed on the Big Island in stands of native `ohi'a lehua trees. The species is protected as Endangered in the United States. However, the IUCN classifies the species as Near Threatened.
+*'''Light phase'''
+**Dark head, light breast and light underwings<br />
+Feet and legs are yellow in adults and green in juveniles
+==Distribution==
+[[Image:34627768892 8d585778bd o.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by {{user|Cubbybear1963|Cubbybear1963}}<br />Mana Road, [[Hawaii]] Island, April 2017]]
+[[Hawaii]].  Restricted to the island of Hawai'i, where it is widely distributed at all elevations, in both natural and disturbed habitats.
-==Appearance==
+It is possible that some of them may occasionally stray to Maui County, but they have never been recorded regularly there.
-The Hawaiian Hawk measures approximately 40 to 46 centimeters (16 to 18 inches) in length. The female is larger than the male. Two color phases exist: a dark phase (dark brown head, breast, and underwings), and a light color phase (dark head, light breast and light underwings). Feet and legs are yellowish in adults and greenish in juveniles.
+==Taxonomy==
+This is a [[Dictionary_M-S#M|monotypic]] species<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>.
+==Habitat==
+Present in all habitats on Hawaii Island, from coastline to treeline.
 ==Behaviour==
-This solitary hawk remains in and defends its territories year round. They nest from March through September, and usually lay only one egg. The female does the majority of sitting during the 38 days of incubation, while the male does the majority of the hunting. After the egg is hatched, the female only allows the male to visit when delivering food to the nest. The chick fledges at seven or eight weeks. Fifty to seventy percent of the nest successfully fledge young.
+====Breeding====
+The breeding season runs from March to August. The clutch usually consists of a single egg which is incubated by the female for 38 days.  After the egg is hatched, the male is only allowed near the nest to bring. The chick fledges at seven or eight weeks.
+====Diet====
+Diet includes small mammals, rodents, insects, small birds. They do catch introduced rodent species too.
+==References==
+#{{Ref-Clements6thAug17}}#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved August 2014)
+#BF Member observations
+#Wikipedia
+{{ref}}
+==External Links==
+{{GSearch|Buteo_solitarius}}
+<br />
+{{Video|Hawaiian_Hawk}}
-The 'Io usually hunts from a stationary position, but can also dive on prey from the air. It feeds on rodents, insects, small birds, and some game birds. They are opportunistic predators and are versatile in their feeding habits. They have a shrill and high-pitched call much like their Hawaiian name: "eeeh-oh." They are known to be very noisy during the breeding season. 'Io are strong fliers.
+[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Buteo]] [[Category:Videos]]
-==External Links==
-*[http://www.birdforum.net/pp_gallery/showgallery.php?mcats=all&what=allfields&si=Buteo+solitarius View more images of Hawaiian Hawk in the gallery]
-[[Category:Birds]]