(add photo of female) |
(taxonomy, id, behavior, range) |
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| − | [[Image:Dusky_Antbird.jpg|thumb|450px|right|'''Male'''. Photo by Glen Tepke <br> | + | [[Image:Dusky_Antbird.jpg|thumb|450px|right|'''Male'''. Photo by {{user|Glen_Tepke|Glen Tepke}} <br />Soberania National Park, [[Panama]], January 2004]] |
;[[:Category:Cercomacra|Cercomacra]] tyrannina | ;[[:Category:Cercomacra|Cercomacra]] tyrannina | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
'''Male''' | '''Male''' | ||
| − | * | + | *Grey to blackish upperparts |
| − | * | + | *Lower parts paler in some subspecies |
*Two white wing bars | *Two white wing bars | ||
| + | *Tiny white tip to tail | ||
| + | *Young males for the first year has a subdued plumage | ||
'''Female''' | '''Female''' | ||
*Brown above | *Brown above | ||
*Rufous-cinnamon below | *Rufous-cinnamon below | ||
| + | Both sexes possess a white area on the back that is normally covered, but which can be revealed in territorial display. | ||
| + | Variation: subspecies varies in how dark the male is, from almost black to pale grey in [[Brazil]]. Subspecies ''saturatior'' which is very dark will show white fringes to feathers on the belly. | ||
| + | ====Similar species==== | ||
| + | [[Blackish Antbird]] overlaps in range in the [[Guianas]]; [[Jet Antbird]] in [[Panama]] | ||
[[Image:IMG_4917.jpg|thumb|450px|right|'''Female'''. Photo by {{user|Gary+Clark|Gary Clark}}<br />Location: Carara National Park, [[Costa Rica]].]] | [[Image:IMG_4917.jpg|thumb|450px|right|'''Female'''. Photo by {{user|Gary+Clark|Gary Clark}}<br />Location: Carara National Park, [[Costa Rica]].]] | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | + | From southeastern [[Mexico]] through [[Central America]] to [[Panama]]; in [[South America]] west of Andes to western [[Ecuador]], in northern [[Colombia]], and east of the andes in the lowlands north of Amazon river to The [[Guianas]] and [[Brazil]]. | |
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | + | Four subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | |
| + | *''C. t. crepera'' | ||
| + | *''C. t. tyrannina'' | ||
| + | *''C. t. vicina'' | ||
| + | *''C. t. saturatior'' | ||
| + | |||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Wet forest. | Wet forest. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
A deep, small cup shaped nest is built from plant material and dead leaves; 2 white eggs with red brown spots are laid and are incubated by both parents who care for the young. | A deep, small cup shaped nest is built from plant material and dead leaves; 2 white eggs with red brown spots are laid and are incubated by both parents who care for the young. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Young will stay on their parents territory for almost a year, until the start of next breeding season, unless a vacancy appears in a nearby territory. | ||
The diet includes insects. | The diet includes insects. | ||
| Line 30: | Line 43: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| + | # {{Ref-Clements6thDec09}}# Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156 | ||
| + | # Morton & Stutchbury (2001): Behavioral Ecology of Tropical Birds. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-675556-6 | ||
| + | # Ridgely and Tudor 2009. Field guide to the songbirds of South America - The Passerines. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-71979-8 | ||
Wikipedia | Wikipedia | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Cercomacra+tyrannina}} | {{GSearch|Cercomacra+tyrannina}} | ||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cercomacra]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cercomacra]] | ||
Revision as of 15:24, 25 July 2010
- Cercomacra tyrannina
Identification
14.5cm.
Male
- Grey to blackish upperparts
- Lower parts paler in some subspecies
- Two white wing bars
- Tiny white tip to tail
- Young males for the first year has a subdued plumage
Female
- Brown above
- Rufous-cinnamon below
Both sexes possess a white area on the back that is normally covered, but which can be revealed in territorial display.
Variation: subspecies varies in how dark the male is, from almost black to pale grey in Brazil. Subspecies saturatior which is very dark will show white fringes to feathers on the belly.
Similar species
Blackish Antbird overlaps in range in the Guianas; Jet Antbird in Panama
Distribution
From southeastern Mexico through Central America to Panama; in South America west of Andes to western Ecuador, in northern Colombia, and east of the andes in the lowlands north of Amazon river to The Guianas and Brazil.
Taxonomy
Four subspecies are recognized[1]:
- C. t. crepera
- C. t. tyrannina
- C. t. vicina
- C. t. saturatior
Habitat
Wet forest.
Behaviour
A deep, small cup shaped nest is built from plant material and dead leaves; 2 white eggs with red brown spots are laid and are incubated by both parents who care for the young.
Young will stay on their parents territory for almost a year, until the start of next breeding season, unless a vacancy appears in a nearby territory.
The diet includes insects.
Vocalisation
Call: whistled kick.
Song: male - pu pu pe pi pi answered by female juu-ut juu-ut juu-ut juu-ut juu-ut.
References
- Clements, JF. 2009. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2009. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019.
- Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156
- Morton & Stutchbury (2001): Behavioral Ecology of Tropical Birds. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-675556-6
- Ridgely and Tudor 2009. Field guide to the songbirds of South America - The Passerines. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-71979-8
Wikipedia
