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Difference between revisions of "Emerald Toucanet" - BirdForum Opus

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(Photo dates. References updated)
(Clearer image of subspecies. References updated)
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[[Image:Blue-throated_Emerald_Toucanet.jpg|thumb|500px|right|Monteverde subspecies ''maxillaris'' (usually lumped in ''caeruleogularis'')<br />Photo by: {{user|Reini|Reini}}<br />Monteverde, [[Costa Rica]], February 2005]]
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[[Image:Blue-throated_Emerald_Toucanet.jpg|thumb|450px|right|Monteverde subspecies ''maxillaris'' (usually lumped in ''caeruleogularis'')<br />Photo by: {{user|Reini|Reini}}<br />Monteverde, [[Costa Rica]], February 2005]]
 
;[[:Category:Aulacorhynchus|Aulacorhynchus]] prasinus
 
;[[:Category:Aulacorhynchus|Aulacorhynchus]] prasinus
 
'''Includes: Andean Toucanet; Black-throated Toucanet; Blue-throated Toucanet; Santa Marta Toucanet; Violet-throated Toucanet; Wagler's Toucanet'''
 
'''Includes: Andean Toucanet; Black-throated Toucanet; Blue-throated Toucanet; Santa Marta Toucanet; Violet-throated Toucanet; Wagler's Toucanet'''
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
−
30-35cm.
+
30-35cm (11¾-13¾ in).
 
*Green plumage
 
*Green plumage
 
*Rufous vent and tail tip
 
*Rufous vent and tail tip
Line 11: Line 11:
 
*Dull grey legs
 
*Dull grey legs
 
*Dark iris
 
*Dark iris
 +
====Variations====
 
The subspecies vary in colour of basal line of bill, throat colour, tone of green around breast and head and extent of black on bill:
 
The subspecies vary in colour of basal line of bill, throat colour, tone of green around breast and head and extent of black on bill:
 
[[Image:Emerald toucanet2.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''virescens''<br />Photo by {{user|Jim+Croswell|Jim Crosswell}}<br />Finca Oro, [[Costa Rica]], February 2008]]
 
[[Image:Emerald toucanet2.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''virescens''<br />Photo by {{user|Jim+Croswell|Jim Crosswell}}<br />Finca Oro, [[Costa Rica]], February 2008]]
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* Blue-throated Toucanet:
 
* Blue-throated Toucanet:
 
** ''A. p. caeruleogularis'' - from [[Costa Rica]] to western [[Panama]] (includes ''maxillaris'')
 
** ''A. p. caeruleogularis'' - from [[Costa Rica]] to western [[Panama]] (includes ''maxillaris'')
 +
[[Image:TUCAN ESMERALDA 1000 copy.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''prasinus''<br />Photo by {{user|Raul+Padilla|Raul Padilla}}<br />La Mision, [[Mexico]], june 2010]]
 
* Violet-throated Toucanet
 
* Violet-throated Toucanet
 
** ''A. p. cognatus'' - from [[Panama]] to western [[Colombia]]
 
** ''A. p. cognatus'' - from [[Panama]] to western [[Colombia]]
 
* Santa Marta Toucanet:
 
* Santa Marta Toucanet:
 
** ''A. p. lautus'' - in northeast [[Colombia]]
 
** ''A. p. lautus'' - in northeast [[Colombia]]
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[[Image:TUCAN ESMERALDA 1000 copy.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''prasinus''<br />Photo by {{user|Raul+Padilla|Raul Padilla}}<br />La Mision, [[Mexico]], june 2010]]
 
 
* Andean Toucanet
 
* Andean Toucanet
 
** ''A. p. albivitta'' - from western Venezuela to [[Colombia]] and [[Ecuador]]
 
** ''A. p. albivitta'' - from western Venezuela to [[Colombia]] and [[Ecuador]]
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Open woodland and humid forest. Locally up to 3700m.
 
Open woodland and humid forest. Locally up to 3700m.
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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[[Image:Andean_Toucanet_DSCF6622.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Subspecies ''albivitta''<br />Photo by {{user|Oregonian|Oregonian}}<br />Jardin, Antioquia, [[Colombia]], November 2007]]
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[[Image:Emerald Toucanet1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''albivitta''<br />Photo by {{user|Stanley+Jones|Stanley Jones}}<br />Cosanga, Napo Province, [[Ecuador]], January 2016]]
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The diet includes mainly fruit, but some insects, lizards, and bird eggs are also taken. Forages usually singly, sometimes in groups.<br />
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====Diet====
 +
Their diet consists mostly of fruit, but some insects, lizards, and bird eggs are also taken. Forages usually singly, sometimes in groups.
 +
====Breeding====
 
Breeding generally from March to July, locally starting in February and lasting to November. They nest in an unlined cavity in a tree; 3-4 white eggs are laid and incubated by both sexes for 14–15 days.  Both parents care for the young which fledge after about 6 weeks.
 
Breeding generally from March to July, locally starting in February and lasting to November. They nest in an unlined cavity in a tree; 3-4 white eggs are laid and incubated by both sexes for 14–15 days.  Both parents care for the young which fledge after about 6 weeks.
 
==References==
 
==References==
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#{{Ref-HBWVol7}}#{{Ref-Clements6thOct12}}
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#{{Ref-HBWVol7}}#{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}
 
{{ref}}
 
{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==

Revision as of 22:31, 11 April 2016

Monteverde subspecies maxillaris (usually lumped in caeruleogularis)
Photo by: Reini
Monteverde, Costa Rica, February 2005
Aulacorhynchus prasinus

Includes: Andean Toucanet; Black-throated Toucanet; Blue-throated Toucanet; Santa Marta Toucanet; Violet-throated Toucanet; Wagler's Toucanet

Identification

30-35cm (11¾-13¾ in).

  • Green plumage
  • Rufous vent and tail tip
  • Black bill with yellow on the upper mandible
  • White, black or blue throat dependent on subspecies
  • Eye ring can be blue to red
  • Dull grey legs
  • Dark iris

Variations

The subspecies vary in colour of basal line of bill, throat colour, tone of green around breast and head and extent of black on bill:

Subspecies virescens
Photo by Jim Crosswell
Finca Oro, Costa Rica, February 2008
  • dimidiatus with black throat, also smallest subspecies
  • atrogularis with black throat
  • griseigularis with grey throat
  • phaeolaemus with blue-grey throat
  • cyanolaemus with blue throat and almost all black bill
  • cognatus and caeruleogularis with blue to violet throat
  • warneri with yellow wash on throat and auriculars
  • albivitta with white throat, white basal bill lne and a lot of blue around the eye
  • wagleri with yellower crown and pale breast with blue tinge

Sexes similar but females have shorter bills.

Distribution

Found from south Mexico south to Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and western Brazil.

Subspecies griseigularis
Photo by Pitter
Dapa-Valle, Colombia, May 20084

Locally common in parts of its range.

Taxonomy

Subspecies

14 to 16 subspecies recognized which are sometimes split into 7 species[1]:

  • Wagler's Toucanet:
    • A. p. wagleri - in southwest Mexico
  • Emerald Toucanet:
  • Blue-throated Toucanet:
Subspecies prasinus
Photo by Raul Padilla
La Mision, Mexico, june 2010
  • Violet-throated Toucanet
  • Santa Marta Toucanet:
  • Andean Toucanet
  • Black-throated Toucanet:

Habitat

Open woodland and humid forest. Locally up to 3700m.

Behaviour

Subspecies albivitta
Photo by Stanley Jones
Cosanga, Napo Province, Ecuador, January 2016

Diet

Their diet consists mostly of fruit, but some insects, lizards, and bird eggs are also taken. Forages usually singly, sometimes in groups.

Breeding

Breeding generally from March to July, locally starting in February and lasting to November. They nest in an unlined cavity in a tree; 3-4 white eggs are laid and incubated by both sexes for 14–15 days. Both parents care for the young which fledge after about 6 weeks.

References

  1. Del Hoyo, J, A Elliot, and J Sargatal, eds. 2002. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 7: Jacamars to Woodpeckers. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334375
  2. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2015. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2015, with updates to August 2015. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/

Recommended Citation

External Links

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