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| − | [[Image:Tropicalkingbird.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by jonlowes<br /> | + | [[Image:Tropicalkingbird.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|jonlowes|jonlowes}}<br />Guacimal, [[Costa Rica]]]] |
;[[:Category:Tyrannus|Tyrannus]] melancholicus | ;[[:Category:Tyrannus|Tyrannus]] melancholicus | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | + | Male 18·4–24 cm; female c. 18·5–22 cm | |
| + | *Light grey head | ||
| + | *Darker eye mask | ||
| + | *Orange crown stripe | ||
| + | *Greyish-green back | ||
| + | *Brown wings | ||
| + | *Pale grey throat | ||
| + | *Olive breast | ||
| + | *Yellow underparts | ||
| + | *Forked tail, | ||
| + | *Heavy grey bill | ||
| + | Sexes are similar, but young birds have pale buff edges on the wing [[Topography#General Anatomy|coverts]]. | ||
| + | ====Similar Species==== | ||
Easily confused with several other kingbirds, especially the [[White-throated Kingbird|White-throated]] and [[Couch's Kingbird]] | Easily confused with several other kingbirds, especially the [[White-throated Kingbird|White-throated]] and [[Couch's Kingbird]] | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Widespread from far southern [[Arizona]] and [[Texas]] south through most of [[Mexico]], [[Central America]], and [[South America]], except for the highest Andes, and far south. Very common in most of its range. Rare vagrant along pacific coast north to northern [[British Columbia]]. Accidental vagrant in the eastern [[United States]] with records north to [[Maine]]. | + | Widespread from far southern [[Arizona]] and [[Texas]] south through most of [[Mexico]], [[Central America]], and [[South America]], except for the highest Andes, and far south. Very common in most of its range. |
| + | |||
| + | Rare vagrant along pacific coast north to northern [[British Columbia]]. Accidental vagrant in the eastern [[United States]] with records north to [[Maine]]. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | + | ====Subspecies==== | |
| − | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup> | + | Consists of three subspecies<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>: |
*''T. m. despotes'' - NE. [[Brazil]] (Amapá, Maranhão and Ceará to Bahia) | *''T. m. despotes'' - NE. [[Brazil]] (Amapá, Maranhão and Ceará to Bahia) | ||
*''T. m. melancholicus'' - Tropical northern South America to central [[Argentina]] and Brazil | *''T. m. melancholicus'' - Tropical northern South America to central [[Argentina]] and Brazil | ||
*''T. m. satrapa'' - S. Arizona to n. Colombia and n. [[Venezuela]]; [[Trinidad]] and Tobago | *''T. m. satrapa'' - S. Arizona to n. Colombia and n. [[Venezuela]]; [[Trinidad]] and Tobago | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | + | Virtually any habitat with some trees, even within cities. | |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| − | + | ====Diet==== | |
| − | + | Their main diet includes insects and berries. | |
| + | ====Breeding==== | ||
| + | They make a fragile cup nest in a tree. The 2-3 cream eggs have reddish-brown marks; they are are incubated by the female for 16 days, with about 18-19 further days to fledging. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | # | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug14}}#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved September 2014) |
| + | #Wikipedia | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Tropical+Kingbird}} | {{GSearch|Tropical+Kingbird}} | ||
| − | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Tyrannus]] | + | <br /> |
| + | {{Video|Tropical_Kingbird}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Tyrannus]] [[Category:Videos]] | ||
Revision as of 19:41, 11 September 2014
- Tyrannus melancholicus
Identification
Male 18·4–24 cm; female c. 18·5–22 cm
- Light grey head
- Darker eye mask
- Orange crown stripe
- Greyish-green back
- Brown wings
- Pale grey throat
- Olive breast
- Yellow underparts
- Forked tail,
- Heavy grey bill
Sexes are similar, but young birds have pale buff edges on the wing coverts.
Similar Species
Easily confused with several other kingbirds, especially the White-throated and Couch's Kingbird
Distribution
Widespread from far southern Arizona and Texas south through most of Mexico, Central America, and South America, except for the highest Andes, and far south. Very common in most of its range.
Rare vagrant along pacific coast north to northern British Columbia. Accidental vagrant in the eastern United States with records north to Maine.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
Consists of three subspecies1:
- T. m. despotes - NE. Brazil (Amapá, Maranhão and Ceará to Bahia)
- T. m. melancholicus - Tropical northern South America to central Argentina and Brazil
- T. m. satrapa - S. Arizona to n. Colombia and n. Venezuela; Trinidad and Tobago
Habitat
Virtually any habitat with some trees, even within cities.
Behaviour
Diet
Their main diet includes insects and berries.
Breeding
They make a fragile cup nest in a tree. The 2-3 cream eggs have reddish-brown marks; they are are incubated by the female for 16 days, with about 18-19 further days to fledging.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2014. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9., with updates to August 2014. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved September 2014)
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Tropical Kingbird. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 26 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Tropical_Kingbird
External Links
