It took me years to persuade myself to tick Long-tailed Skua; so many 'probables/possibles' until I was convinced and so many near misses too. The nadir came years back when I returned home from a fruitless seawatch to find that my daughters had, aided and abetted by my wife, decorated the house with meat skewers trailing long bits of string behind them. These "long-tailed skewers" were as near as I got for years. The amazing thing is I'm still talking to all three of 'em, but then I have seen Long-tailed Skuas since then! It's odd just how regularly I've seen them since - a mix of better understanding of ID features, getting my eye in, a greater awareness of the potential of seawatching sites nearby and of the best conditions in which to do so.
These days, though, I'm inclined to think that skua watchers go through three phases:-
Phase 1 - Skuas are unidentifiable. The damn things all look kinda brown above, they all have wing flashes and that those that are pale below may be one of three species doesn't exactly get you very far. Then that distant imm. gulls catches you out just when you think you're making progress.
Phase 2 - What is your problem? The big blighters are Bonxies (aka Great Skuas). As for the 'small skuas' - the beefy ones are Poms, the middling ones are Arctics and the anorexics are Long-tails. Get your eye in and the all fly different too.
Phase 3 - If only it were that simple! OK, most of 'em can be safely identified at a 'reasonable' range and in good conditions - sometimes they really can be 'obvious', but every now and again you come a cropper. Was that a small ill marked Bonxie … or a large Pom? And that distant quartet of skuas - were they three biggish Arctics and a Long-tail or three Poms and an Arctic? The bird trailing of those obvious Arctics is clearly smaller and slimmer - and must be a Long-tailed until it veers closer transforms itself into another Arctic. Now that the wind's got up and the drizzle has returned the problem has been compounded. Yes, those dots on the horizon probably are Arctics, but ……. Personally, I'm dubious when I see a long list of skuas being tallied and not one put down as 'Skua sp'. As for South Polar Skua/Brown Skua …. why did I leave that nice, secure padded cell?
Of course there may be a 'Phase 4' when all skuas are identifiable with 100% accuracy. Perhaps, I've simply not reached this level of competence but I'm relieved that authors of 'The Flight Identification of European Seabirds' don't seem to have done so either - ".. not even the most skilled skua watcher can rely on identifying all of the skuas he or she sees". So don't despair if you can't identify all of 'em and if that guy next to you claims he can then its only because he's still at Phase Two and you've tipped over into Phase Three!
John