Parulidae (1 Viewer)

[Mysticete]

I didn't find a generic thread on taxonomic changes for New World Warblers, so I will start one here with this new paper on Wayne's Warbler:

Genomic variation in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens) suggests divergence in a disjunct Atlantic Coastal Plain population (S. v. waynei)​

Genomic variation in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens) suggests divergence in a disjunct Atlantic Coastal Plain population (S. v. waynei)

Abstract. We used whole-genome resequencing to estimate genetic distinctiveness in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens)—including S. v. waynei—a

academic.oup.com

 

[raymie]

Isn't that the population that's dying out because of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid?

 

[Mysticete]

no clue!

 

[Kirk Roth]

Isn't that the population that's dying out because of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid?

Seems unlikely - there never have been many hemlocks in the wet low country near Charleston, South Carolina. Wayne's warblers inhabit cypress swamps. Its some of the same areas where Bachman's Warbler used to exist.

 

[Peter Kovalik]

Madelyn J. Ore, Silu Wang, and Darren E. Irwin. Gradual transitions in genetics and songs between coastal and inland populations of Setophaga townsendi [Townsend's Warbler]. Ornithology, first published 20 December 2022.
Gradual transitions in genetics and songs between coastal and inland populations of Setophaga townsendi

Abstract
Setophaga townsendi is a species of wood warbler (family Parulidae) in northwestern North America that has geographic structure in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes: while interior populations have differentiated mitonuclear ancestry from the sister species S. occidentalis [Hermit Warbler], coastal populations have a mix of inland and S. occidentalis mitonuclear ancestries. This coastal to inland transition in genomic ancestry raises the possibility of similar geographic structure in phenotypic traits, especially those involved in mate choice. Using qualitative and multivariate approaches, we investigated whether there is a sharp transition between coastal and inland populations in both song and in nuclear DNA. We find there is a shallow geographic cline in Type I song but not in Type II song. Nuclear DNA shows a gradient between coast and inland. There is little correlation between variation in song and the isolation-by-distance pattern in the nuclear DNA. Learned songbird song is shaped by both genetic and cultural processes. There has been a debate on whether song learning promotes or slows down population differentiation. By comparing the within-species variation in song and genetic structures, we can expand our understanding of the dynamic interplay between mating signals and population differentiation.

 

[Peter Kovalik]

Hightower, J. N., Crawford, D. L., Thogmartin, W. E., Aldinger, K. R., Swarthout, S. B., Buehler, D. A., Confer, J., Friis, C., Larkin, J. L., Lowe, J. D., Piorkowski, M., Rohrbaugh, R. W., Rosenberg, K. V., Smalling, C., Wood, P. B., Vallender, R., and Roth, A. M. (2022). Change in climatically suitable breeding distributions reduces hybridization potential between Vermivora warblers. Diversity and Distributions, first published 23 December 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13659

Abstract
Aim
Climate change is affecting the distribution of species and subsequent biotic interactions, including hybridization potential. The imperiled Golden-winged Warbler (GWWA) [Vermivora chrysoptera] competes and hybridizes with the Blue-winged Warbler (BWWA) [Vermivora cyanoptera], which may threaten the persistence of GWWA due to introgression. We examined how climate change is likely to alter the breeding distributions and potential for hybridization between GWWA and BWWA.

Location
North America.

Methods
We used GWWA and BWWA occurrence data to model climatically suitable conditions under historical and future climate scenarios. Models were parameterized with 13 bioclimatic variables and 3 topographic variables. Using ensemble modeling, we estimated historical and modern distributions, as well as a projected distribution under six future climate scenarios. We quantified breeding distribution area, the position of and amount of overlap between GWWA and BWWA distributions under each climate scenario. We summarized the top explanatory variables in our model to predict environmental parameters of the distributions under future climate scenarios relative to historical climate.

Results
GWWA and BWWA distributions are projected to substantially change under future climate scenarios. GWWA are projected to undergo the greatest change; the area of climatically suitable breeding season conditions is expected to shift north to northwest; and range contraction is predicted in five out of six future climate scenarios. Climatically suitable conditions for BWWA decreased in four of the six future climate scenarios, while the distribution is projected to shift east. A reduction in overlapping distributions for GWWA and BWWA is projected under all six future climate scenarios.

Main Conclusions
Climate change is expected to substantially alter the area of climatically suitable conditions for GWWA and BWWA, with the southern portion of the current breeding ranges likely to become climatically unsuitable. However, interactions between BWWA and GWWA are expected to decline with the decrease in overlapping habitat, which may reduce the risk of genetic introgression.

 

[Jacana]

Andrew W. Wood, Zachary A. Szpiech, Irby Lovette, Brian Tilson Smith, David P. L. Toews. Genomes of the extinct Bachman’s Warbler shows high divergence and no evidence of admixture with other extant Vermivora Warblers. bioRxiv 2022.12.20.521272; doi: Genomes of the extinct Bachman’s Warbler shows high divergence and no evidence of admixture with other extant Vermivora Warblers

Abstract​

Bachman’s Warbler (Vermivora bachmanii) – last sighted in 1988 – is one of the few North American passerines that have gone extinct. Given the extensive ongoing hybridization of its two extant congeners – the Blue-Winged Warbler (V. cyanoptera) and Golden-Winged Warbler (V. chrysoptera) – and shared patterns of plumage variation between Bachman’s Warbler and hybrids between those extant species, it has been suggested that Bachman’s Warbler might have also had a component of hybrid ancestry. Here, we use historic DNA (hDNA) and whole genome sequencing of Bachman’s Warblers collected at the turn of the 20th century to address this possibility. We combine these data with genomes of the two extant Vermivora species to examine patterns of population differentiation, inbreeding, and gene flow. In contrast to the admixture hypothesis, the genomic evidence is consistent with V. bachmanii being a highly divergent, reproductively isolated species, with no evidence of introgression. We show that both V. bachmanii and V. chrysoptera have elevated runs of homozygosity compared to V. cyanoptera, consistent with the effects of a small effective population size or population bottlenecks in the former two species. We also found—using population branch statistic estimates of all three species—previously undocumented evidence of lineage-specific evolution in V. chrysoptera near a novel pigmentation gene candidate for warblers, CORIN, which is a known modifier of ASIP, which is in turn involved in melanic throat and mask coloration in this family of birds. Together, these genomic results also highlight how natural history collections are such invaluable repositories of information about extant and extinct species.

Significance Few common North American passerines have gone extinct. Bachman’s Warbler is, unfortunately, one that has—the last sighting was in 1988. Here we use whole genome historical DNA from museum specimens of Bachman’s warblers collected at the turn of the 20th century to learn about the evolution of this species and test whether there was evidence for hybridization and gene flow between it and two extant members of the same genus which, today, hybridize extensively. We find Bachman’s warbler was highly divergent with no evidence of gene flow. We also find evidence of elevated “runs of homozygosity” in both Bachman’s warbler and one of the two extant Vermivora species, suggesting the effects of a small population size or population bottlenecks.

 

[albertonykus]

Wood, A.W., Z.A. Szpiech, I.J. Lovette, B.T. Smith, and D.P.L. Toews (2023)
Genomes of the extinct Bachman’s warbler show high divergence and no evidence of admixture with other extant Vermivora warblers
Current Biology (advance online publication)
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.058

Bachman’s warbler (Vermivora bachmanii)—last sighted in 1988—is one of the only North American passerines to recently go extinct. Given extensive ongoing hybridization of its two extant congeners—the blue-winged warbler (V. cyanoptera) and golden-winged warbler (V. chrysoptera)—and shared patterns of plumage variation between Bachman’s warbler and hybrids between those extant species, it has been suggested that Bachman’s warbler might have also had a component of hybrid ancestry. Here, we use historic DNA (hDNA) and whole genomes of Bachman’s warblers collected at the turn of the 20th century to address this. We combine these data with the two extant Vermivora species to examine patterns of population differentiation, inbreeding, and gene flow. In contrast to the admixture hypothesis, the genomic evidence is consistent with V. bachmanii having been a highly divergent, reproductively isolated species, with no evidence of introgression. We show that these three species have similar levels of runs of homozygosity (ROH), consistent with effects of a small long-term effective population size or population bottlenecks, with one V. bachmanii outlier showing numerous long ROH and a FROH greater than 5%. We also found—using population branch statistic estimates—previously undocumented evidence of lineage-specific evolution in V. chrysoptera near a pigmentation gene candidate, CORIN, which is a known modifier of ASIP, which is in turn involved in melanic throat and mask coloration in this family of birds. Together, these genomic results also highlight how natural history collections are such invaluable repositories of information about extant and extinct species.

 

[Peter Kovalik]

Machkour-M'Rabet, S., Santamaría-Rivero, W., Dzib-Chay, A., Torres Cristiani, L., and MacKinnon-Haskins, B. (2023) Multi-character approach reveals a new mangrove population of the Yellow Warbler complex, Setophaga petechia, on Cozumel Island, Mexico. PLoS ONE 18(6): e0287425. Multi-character approach reveals a new mangrove population of the Yellow Warbler complex, Setophaga petechia, on Cozumel Island, Mexico

Abstract
The Setophaga petechia complex includes 43 subspecies distributed within the new world, of which some are migratory and others are resident, with only two resident subspecies in the Mexican Caribbean: Setophaga petechia bryanti a mangrove subspecies belonging to the erithachorides group resident on the mainland of the Yucatan Peninsula and Setophaga petechia rufivertex endemic to Cozumel Island and belonging to the petechia group. Recently, a new population of individuals presenting intermediate phenotypic traits and living in mangrove ecosystems was discovered and reported for Cozumel Island. In this study, we used a multi-character approach including genetic (five ISSR genetic markers), morphometric (eight traits), phenotypic (four characteristics of males), and acoustic dataset (11 parameters) to understand the process of differentiation and the status of these new island individuals in relation to the two well-established subspecies using a total of 60 individuals (20 for each group). Through multivariate analyses based on different dataset used in our study, we show how the new population is related to the endemic island subspecies, S. p. rufivertex and to the mainland subspecies, S. p. bryanti while demonstrating finite differences. We conclude that the new population of S. petechia on Cozumel Island is a well-established population with high level of differentiation.

 

[Jim LeNomenclatoriste]

I have placed Myioborus in synonymy with Cardellina because later has priority. But Erythrosoma Swainson, 1832 is much older. According to the Keys of Jobling, Erythrosoma is a nomen oblitum (Monroe, 1965). However is this really the case?

 

[l_raty]

A name is never "a nomen oblitum" in an absolute sense; the status of nomen oblitum is defined exclusively in relation to one specific nomen protectum that is in very wide use. Anyway, Erythrosoma Sw. 1832 is not a nomen oblitum in the sense of the current Code (= a name to which a reversal of precedence has been applied in application of the current ICZN 23.9.2, which can only have happened after 1999 because article did not exist before this).

However:

• It would presumably fulfill the conditions to be made a nomen oblitum relative to Cardellina Du Bus 1849 and Myioborus Baird 1865. This means that it should not be used to displace one of these two names (ICZN 23.9.1).
• It met the conditions to be a nomen oblitum under the second ed. of the Code, and was rejected as such in 1965 by:
  Monroe BL. 1965. On the nomenclatural status of the generic name Myioborus. Auk, 82: 640.
  https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v082n04/p0640-p0640.pdf
  Monroe applied the then-in-force Art. 23b explicitly. As a consequence of this action, Erythrosoma should not be given precedence over a junior synonym in prevailing use (ICZN 23.12).

 

[Jim LeNomenclatoriste]

A name is never "a nomen oblitum" in an absolute sense; the status of nomen oblitum is defined exclusively in relation to one specific nomen protectum that is in very wide use. Anyway, Erythrosoma Sw. 1832 is not a nomen oblitum in the sense of the current Code (= a name to which a reversal of precedence has been applied in application of the current ICZN 23.9.2, which can only have happened after 1999 because article did not exist before this).

However:

• It would presumably fulfill the conditions to be made a nomen oblitum relative to Cardellina Du Bus 1849 and Myioborus Baird 1865. This means that it should not be used to displace one of these two names (ICZN 23.9.1).
• It met the conditions to be a nomen oblitum under the second ed. of the Code, and was rejected as such in 1965 by:
  Monroe BL. 1965. On the nomenclatural status of the generic name Myioborus. Auk, 82: 640.
  https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v082n04/p0640-p0640.pdf
  Monroe applied the then-in-force Art. 23b explicitly. As a consequence of this action, Erythrosoma should not be given precedence over a junior synonym in prevailing use (ICZN 23.12).

Thanks. I will add these explanations in my footnotes

 

[Melanie]

The type of Setophaga ruficoronata (Kaup 1851) is a hybrid: implications for the taxonomy of Myioborus warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae)

Abstract

Hybridization, rapid diversification, and uncertainties surrounding type specimens add complexity to the already intricate taxonomy of high Andean Myioborus warblers of northern South America. In this study, we propose a reassessment of species boundaries within M. ornatus and M. melanocephalus, drawing on comparisons of name-bearing types. We also consider insights from a recent study of a hybrid zone in southern Colombia and northern Ecuador. We present three species delimitation alternatives that offer improved clarity compared to the current taxonomy, and discuss the rationale behind recognizing chrysops and bairdi as distinct species while redefining the species ornatus and melanocephalus, given the available evidence.

The type of Setophaga ruficoronata (Kaup 1851) is a hybrid: implications for the taxonomy of Myioborus warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae) | Zootaxa

www.mapress.com

 

[Jim LeNomenclatoriste]

The type of Setophaga ruficoronata (Kaup 1851) is a hybrid: implications for the taxonomy of Myioborus warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae)

The type of Setophaga ruficoronata (Kaup 1851) is a hybrid: implications for the taxonomy of Myioborus warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae) | Zootaxa

www.mapress.com

If anyone can have access x)

 

[l_raty]

If anyone can have access x)

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376457155

 

[Jim LeNomenclatoriste]

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376457155

Cool Raoul. Thanks