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+ | [[Image:Audubons_Oriole.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Glen+Tepke|Glen Tepke}}<br /> Salineno, [[Texas]], March 2005]] | ||
;[[:Category:Icterus|Icterus]] graduacauda | ;[[:Category:Icterus|Icterus]] graduacauda | ||
− | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
− | 19cm. | + | 19cm.<br /> |
− | + | *Black head, wings and tail | |
+ | *White edges to wing feathers | ||
+ | *Yellow back, rump, breast, belly and shoulder | ||
+ | *Pointed bill | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
Found in the extreme tip of southeastern [[Texas]] and along the eastern [[:Mexico|Mexican coast]] south to [[Guatemala]]. Accidental vagrant to [[Puerto Rico]]. | Found in the extreme tip of southeastern [[Texas]] and along the eastern [[:Mexico|Mexican coast]] south to [[Guatemala]]. Accidental vagrant to [[Puerto Rico]]. | ||
− | |||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
+ | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>==== | ||
Polytypic. Consists of four subspecies. | Polytypic. Consists of four subspecies. | ||
− | + | *I. g. graduacauda'':(richardsoni) | |
+ | :*Southern portion of [[Mexico|Mexican Plateau]] | ||
+ | *I. g. audubonii'': | ||
+ | :*Southern [[Texas]] (lower Rio Grande Valley) and eastern [[Mexico]] (Tamaulipas) | ||
+ | *I. g. nayaritensis'': | ||
+ | :*West-central [[Mexico]] (southern Nayarit to western Jalisco, northern Colima and southern Michoacán) | ||
+ | *I. g. dickeyae'': | ||
+ | :*Mountains of south-western [[Mexico]] (Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero) | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
− | Mesquite and riparian woodlands. | + | Mesquite and riparian woodlands. Thorn scrub thicket |
− | |||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
− | Long green grasses are woven into a cup shaped nest, attached at the top to leafy twigs near the trunk. | + | ====Breeding==== |
+ | Long green grasses are woven into a cup shaped nest, attached at the top to leafy twigs near the trunk. Three to five eggs are laid and are incubated by the female. The young fledge 11 days after hatching. Sometimes there are two broods. | ||
+ | The nests are often parasitized by the [[Bronzed Cowbird]]. | ||
+ | ====Diet==== | ||
+ | The diet consists mostly of fruit and insects. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}#USGS | |
− | + | #BF Member observations | |
+ | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Icterus+graduacauda}} | {{GSearch|Icterus+graduacauda}} | ||
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Icterus]] | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Icterus]] |
Revision as of 20:31, 10 July 2009
- Icterus graduacauda
Identification
19cm.
- Black head, wings and tail
- White edges to wing feathers
- Yellow back, rump, breast, belly and shoulder
- Pointed bill
Distribution
Found in the extreme tip of southeastern Texas and along the eastern Mexican coast south to Guatemala. Accidental vagrant to Puerto Rico.
Taxonomy
Subspecies[1]
Polytypic. Consists of four subspecies.
- I. g. graduacauda:(richardsoni)
- Southern portion of Mexican Plateau
- I. g. audubonii:
- I. g. nayaritensis:
- West-central Mexico (southern Nayarit to western Jalisco, northern Colima and southern Michoacán)
- I. g. dickeyae:
- Mountains of south-western Mexico (Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero)
Habitat
Mesquite and riparian woodlands. Thorn scrub thicket
Behaviour
Breeding
Long green grasses are woven into a cup shaped nest, attached at the top to leafy twigs near the trunk. Three to five eggs are laid and are incubated by the female. The young fledge 11 days after hatching. Sometimes there are two broods.
The nests are often parasitized by the Bronzed Cowbird.
Diet
The diet consists mostly of fruit and insects.
References
- Clements, JF. 2008. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2008. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019.
- USGS
- BF Member observations
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Audubon's Oriole. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 1 June 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Audubon%27s_Oriole