(Picture captions and References updated) |
m (→External Links: updated VSearch and GSearch) |
||
| (9 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| − | [[Image:609-06310fg Black Skimmer.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Adult<br />Photo by {{user|bobsofpa|bobsofpa}}<br />Fort Island Gulf Beach, Crystal River, [[Florida]], March 2009 ]] | + | [[Image:609-06310fg Black Skimmer.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Adult, breeding plumage<br />Photo © by {{user|bobsofpa|bobsofpa}}<br />Fort Island Gulf Beach, Crystal River, [[Florida]], 25 March 2009 ]] |
;[[:Category:Rynchops|Rynchops]] niger | ;[[:Category:Rynchops|Rynchops]] niger | ||
==Identification: == | ==Identification: == | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
*Bill red with black tip like a blade. Lower mandible much longer, than the upper<br /> | *Bill red with black tip like a blade. Lower mandible much longer, than the upper<br /> | ||
'''Immature''' mottled upper appearance, with shorter bill. | '''Immature''' mottled upper appearance, with shorter bill. | ||
| − | [[Image: | + | [[Image:081 low Black Skimmer juvenile.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo © by {{user|Celso+Paris|Celso Paris}}<br />Peruíbe, Sao Paulo, [[Brazil]], November 2019]] |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Breeds along Atlantic and Gulf coasts from [[Massachusetts]] and | + | Breeds along Atlantic and Gulf coasts from [[Massachusetts]] and Long Island to [[Florida]] and [[Texas]]. Winters north to southern [[California]] and [[Virginia]]. Also in American tropics. |
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| − | [[Image:Black_Skimmer_juvie_0646_by_STEFFRO1.jpg|thumb| | + | [[Image:Black_Skimmer_juvie_0646_by_STEFFRO1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo © by {{user|STEFFRO1|STEFFRO1}}<br />Huntington Beach State Park, [[South Carolina]], 29 August 2013]] |
There are 3 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | There are 3 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
*''R. n. niger '': | *''R. n. niger '': | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
Tight flocks can be seen simultaneously wheeling in one direction and then another. | Tight flocks can be seen simultaneously wheeling in one direction and then another. | ||
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
| + | [[Image:Black_Skimmer.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Typical feeding behavior<br />Photo © by {{user|Nick+Richter|Nick Richter}}<br />San Diego Creek, Irvine, [[California]], 21 May 2004]] | ||
They are mainly surface skimmers (hence the name) tip of the lower mandible cuts through the water. They will also wade in shallow water, jabbing at the fish. | They are mainly surface skimmers (hence the name) tip of the lower mandible cuts through the water. They will also wade in shallow water, jabbing at the fish. | ||
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
| Line 34: | Line 35: | ||
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
Short barking notes. | Short barking notes. | ||
| − | == | + | ==References== |
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug19}}#Gochfeld, M. and J. Burger (1994). Black Skimmer (''Rynchops niger''), version 2.0. In The Birds of North America (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.108 |
| + | #Lefevre, K. L. (2018). Black Skimmer (''Rynchops niger''), version 1.0. In Neotropical Birds Online (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/nb.blkski.01 | ||
| + | #Zusi, R.L. & Garcia, E.F.J. (2020). Black Skimmer (''Rynchops niger''). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/54056 on 5 February 2020). | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
| + | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
*[http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/blackskimmer.html Arthur Grosset's Birds] | *[http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/blackskimmer.html Arthur Grosset's Birds] | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Rynchops | + | <br /> |
| + | {{GSearch|"Rynchops niger" {{!}} "Black Skimmer"}} | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | {{VSearch|"Rynchops niger" {{!}} "Black Skimmer"}} | ||
| + | {{GS-checked}}1 | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| − | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Rynchops]] | + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Rynchops]] [[Category:Videos]] |
Latest revision as of 11:39, 26 June 2023
- Rynchops niger
Identification:
18" (46 cm)
- Black above
- White below
- Red legs
- Bill red with black tip like a blade. Lower mandible much longer, than the upper
Immature mottled upper appearance, with shorter bill.
Distribution
Breeds along Atlantic and Gulf coasts from Massachusetts and Long Island to Florida and Texas. Winters north to southern California and Virginia. Also in American tropics.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
There are 3 subspecies[1]:
- R. n. niger :
- R. n. cinerascens:
- Coasts and rivers of northern South America to Bolivia and north-western Argentina
- R. n. intercedens:
Habitat
Breeds chiefly on sandbars and beaches; feeds in shallow bays, inlets, and estuaries.
Behaviour
Tight flocks can be seen simultaneously wheeling in one direction and then another.
Diet
They are mainly surface skimmers (hence the name) tip of the lower mandible cuts through the water. They will also wade in shallow water, jabbing at the fish.
Breeding
3 or 4 brown-blotched buff eggs on bare sand, usually among shell fragments and scattered grass clumps.
They are particularly attracted to the newly-dredged sand-fill areas, which may contain colonies of up to 200 pairs. These sites will be abandoned as soon as too much grass appears.
Vocalisation
Short barking notes.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Gochfeld, M. and J. Burger (1994). Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger), version 2.0. In The Birds of North America (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.108
- Lefevre, K. L. (2018). Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger), version 1.0. In Neotropical Birds Online (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/nb.blkski.01
- Zusi, R.L. & Garcia, E.F.J. (2020). Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/54056 on 5 February 2020).
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Black Skimmer. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 12 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Black_Skimmer
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
