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(Attempt to disguise copied text. Distribution, Taxonomy & Habitat expanded. References updated) |
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'''Alternative name: Clay-colored Thrush''' | '''Alternative name: Clay-colored Thrush''' | ||
+ | [[Image:d10_1222.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Gary+Clark|Gary Clark}} <br />Wilson Botanical Garden near San Vito, [[Costa Rica]].]] | ||
;[[: Category:Turdus|Turdus]] grayi | ;[[: Category:Turdus|Turdus]] grayi | ||
− | |||
− | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
− | 23–27 cm | + | 23–27 cm |
+ | *Brown | ||
+ | *Paler underparts, lighter flanks | ||
+ | *Streaked throat | ||
+ | *Greenish-yellow bill | ||
+ | *Pinkish (or flesh-colored) legs | ||
+ | *Red iris<br /> | ||
+ | Females a little larger than males | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
+ | [[North America|North]], [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]<br /> | ||
+ | '''North America''': found only in [[Texas]]<br /> | ||
+ | '''Central America''': [[Mexico]], [[Guatemala]], [[Belize]], [[El Salvador]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], | ||
+ | [[Costa Rica]] and [[Panama]]<br /> | ||
+ | '''South America''': [[Colombia]] | ||
South [[Texas]], [[Mexico]], northern [[Colombia]], and [[Costa Rica]]. | South [[Texas]], [[Mexico]], northern [[Colombia]], and [[Costa Rica]]. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
+ | ====Subspecies==== | ||
Six subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | Six subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
− | *''T.g. tamaulipensis'' | + | *''T.g. tamaulipensis'': |
− | *''T.g. microrhynchus'' | + | :*Tropical eastern [[Mexico]] (southern Tamaulipas to Yucatán Peninsula and northern Chiapas) |
− | *''T.g. grayi'' | + | *''T.g. microrhynchus'': |
− | *''T.g. megas'' | + | :*Eastern Mexico (Santa María del Río region of San Luis Potosí) |
− | *''T.g. casius'' | + | *''T.g. grayi'': |
− | *''T.g. incomptus'' | + | :*Eastern Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental) to [[Guatemala]] |
+ | *''T.g. megas'': | ||
+ | :*Western Guatemala to [[Nicaragua]] | ||
+ | *''T.g. casius'': | ||
+ | :*[[Costa Rica]] to north-western [[Colombia]] (north-western Chocó) | ||
+ | *''T.g. incomptus'': | ||
+ | :*Coastal northern Colombia (Barranquilla to Santa Marta Peninsula) | ||
+ | Subspecies ''incomptus'' along with ''lanyoni, yucatanensis'' and ''linnaei'' are not recognised by all authorities<sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup>. | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
− | + | Widespread in a variety of habitats including evergreen tropícal forests and forest edges, garden lawns, shrubs and pastures. | |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
+ | ====Diet==== | ||
The diet includes fruit and invertebrates. | The diet includes fruit and invertebrates. | ||
+ | ====Breeding==== | ||
+ | Its nest is a cup made from grass, moss, and mud. 1-3 pale blue, red-brown and grey marked eggs are laid with the average above to, but it is only the rare pair that fledges more than two young. It sometimes produces 2 broods. | ||
− | + | At the local level, singing is highly synchronized, but at the regional level, timing of breeding can vary between one location and the next. | |
− | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thDec10}}#Morton & Stutchbury (2001): Behavioral Ecology of Tropical Birds. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-675556-6 |
− | Wikipedia | + | #Wikipedia |
+ | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Turdus+grayi}} | {{GSearch|Turdus+grayi}} | ||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Turdus]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Turdus]] |
Revision as of 21:09, 24 January 2011
Alternative name: Clay-colored Thrush
- Turdus grayi
Identification
23–27 cm
- Brown
- Paler underparts, lighter flanks
- Streaked throat
- Greenish-yellow bill
- Pinkish (or flesh-colored) legs
- Red iris
Females a little larger than males
Distribution
North, Central and South America
North America: found only in Texas
Central America: Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica and Panama
South America: Colombia
South Texas, Mexico, northern Colombia, and Costa Rica.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
Six subspecies are recognized[1]:
- T.g. tamaulipensis:
- Tropical eastern Mexico (southern Tamaulipas to Yucatán Peninsula and northern Chiapas)
- T.g. microrhynchus:
- Eastern Mexico (Santa María del Río region of San Luis Potosí)
- T.g. grayi:
- Eastern Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental) to Guatemala
- T.g. megas:
- Western Guatemala to Nicaragua
- T.g. casius:
- Costa Rica to north-western Colombia (north-western Chocó)
- T.g. incomptus:
- Coastal northern Colombia (Barranquilla to Santa Marta Peninsula)
Subspecies incomptus along with lanyoni, yucatanensis and linnaei are not recognised by all authorities[2].
Habitat
Widespread in a variety of habitats including evergreen tropícal forests and forest edges, garden lawns, shrubs and pastures.
Behaviour
Diet
The diet includes fruit and invertebrates.
Breeding
Its nest is a cup made from grass, moss, and mud. 1-3 pale blue, red-brown and grey marked eggs are laid with the average above to, but it is only the rare pair that fledges more than two young. It sometimes produces 2 broods.
At the local level, singing is highly synchronized, but at the regional level, timing of breeding can vary between one location and the next.
References
- Clements, JF. 2010. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2010. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/Clements%206.5.xls/view
- Morton & Stutchbury (2001): Behavioral Ecology of Tropical Birds. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-675556-6
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Clay-colored Thrush. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 27 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Clay-colored_Thrush