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[[Image:Iona021206 515t 1 1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by {{user|eastwood|eastwood}}<br />Iona, [[Canada]], 2006]] | [[Image:Iona021206 515t 1 1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by {{user|eastwood|eastwood}}<br />Iona, [[Canada]], 2006]] | ||
The diet includes crustaceans and molluscs, the young eat freshwater invertebrates. | The diet includes crustaceans and molluscs, the young eat freshwater invertebrates. | ||
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| + | Breeding male utters low whistled notes; female gives guttural ''krrrak'' call. | ||
| + | ====Movements==== | ||
| + | Migratory, with adult males leaving breeding grounds as early as mid June, failed females in third to fourth week of July, and successful females in early August. They move initially to moulting sites such as coastal Labrador, the St Lawrence estuary, Hudson and James Bays, Mackenzie Delta, Alaska and British Columbia. They winter at sea along Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America. | ||
| + | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
#{{Ref-Clements6thAug19}}#Anderson, E. M., R. D. Dickson, E. K. Lok, E. C. Palm, J. L. Savard, D. Bordage, and A. Reed (2020). Surf Scoter (''Melanitta perspicillata''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (P. G. Rodewald, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.sursco.01 | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug19}}#Anderson, E. M., R. D. Dickson, E. K. Lok, E. C. Palm, J. L. Savard, D. Bordage, and A. Reed (2020). Surf Scoter (''Melanitta perspicillata''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (P. G. Rodewald, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.sursco.01 | ||
Revision as of 08:29, 20 March 2020
- Melanitta perspicillata
Identification
44-48cm
Male
- Black plumage
- White patches on the nape and forehead
- Bulbous red, yellow and white bill
Females
- Brown with pale head patches
Distribution
Northern North America; winters to Baja California, southern US and the British Isles.
Taxonomy
This is a monotypic species[1].
Habitat
Freshwater lakes, rivers, woodland and tundra.
Behaviour
Breeding
The clutch of 5-9 eggs is laid in a ground nest. Incubation takes around 28-30 days; fledging a further 55 days.
Diet
The diet includes crustaceans and molluscs, the young eat freshwater invertebrates.
Vocalisation
Breeding male utters low whistled notes; female gives guttural krrrak call.
Movements
Migratory, with adult males leaving breeding grounds as early as mid June, failed females in third to fourth week of July, and successful females in early August. They move initially to moulting sites such as coastal Labrador, the St Lawrence estuary, Hudson and James Bays, Mackenzie Delta, Alaska and British Columbia. They winter at sea along Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Anderson, E. M., R. D. Dickson, E. K. Lok, E. C. Palm, J. L. Savard, D. Bordage, and A. Reed (2020). Surf Scoter (Melanitta perspicillata), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (P. G. Rodewald, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.sursco.01
- Carboneras, C. & Kirwan, G.M. (2020). Surf Scoter (Melanitta perspicillata). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/52921 on 20 March 2020).
- Avibase
- Wikipedia contributors. (2020, March 17). Surf scoter. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:20, March 20, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surf_scoter&oldid=946074035
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Surf Scoter. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 26 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Surf_Scoter
External Links
