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Difference between revisions of "Arctic Warbler" - BirdForum Opus

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(References updated)
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[[Image:Arctic_Warbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|LeeDavis|LeeDavis}}<br /> [[Bempton Cliffs]], [[England]], September 2004]]
 
[[Image:Arctic_Warbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|LeeDavis|LeeDavis}}<br /> [[Bempton Cliffs]], [[England]], September 2004]]
 
;[[:Category:Phylloscopus|Phylloscopus]] borealis
 
;[[:Category:Phylloscopus|Phylloscopus]] borealis
−
'''Includes: Japanese Leaf Warbler; Kamchatka Leaf Warbler'''
 
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
11cm.<br />
 
11cm.<br />
Line 19: Line 18:
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
 
====Subspecies====
 
====Subspecies====
−
Five subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> (other authorities recognize from 3 to 7):  
+
Four subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> (other authorities recognize from 3 to 7):  
 
*''P. b. borealis (talovka)'':
 
*''P. b. borealis (talovka)'':
 
:*[[Scandinavia]] to Chukotsk Peninsula; winters to south-eastern [[China]] and [[Philippines]]
 
:*[[Scandinavia]] to Chukotsk Peninsula; winters to south-eastern [[China]] and [[Philippines]]
 
*''P. b. transbaicalicus'':
 
*''P. b. transbaicalicus'':
 
:*Eastern [[Siberia]] to northern [[Mongolia]]; winters to south-eastern [[Asia]]
 
:*Eastern [[Siberia]] to northern [[Mongolia]]; winters to south-eastern [[Asia]]
−
*''P. b. xanthodryas'': '''Japanese Leaf Warbler'''
 
−
:*Sea of Okhotsk to Kamchatka Peninsula, Kuril Island, Hokkaido and Honshu
 
 
*''P. b. hylebata'':
 
*''P. b. hylebata'':
 
:*Eastern Amurland to northern Manchuria, Ussuriland and [[North Korea]]
 
:*Eastern Amurland to northern Manchuria, Ussuriland and [[North Korea]]
 
*''P. b. kennicotti'':
 
*''P. b. kennicotti'':
 
:*Western [[Alaska]]; winters in [[Philippines]]
 
:*Western [[Alaska]]; winters in [[Philippines]]
−
 
+
Gill and Donsker only accept ''kennicotti'' and the nominate subspecies.<br />
−
A taxonomy thread<sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup> in Birdforum suggests that Arctic warbler may end up being split into three species; the groupings differ minimally in plumage but more strongly in song. The three species probably would be '''Japanese Leaf Warbler''' (''P. xanthodryas'') in Japan except Hokkaido, '''Kamtchatka Leaf Warbler''' (''P. examinandus'') in southern Kamtchatka, Sakhalin, Hokkaido and the Kurile Islands, while all the rest would be found under the old name of Arctic Warbler which may become monotypic. Gill and Donsker have now accepted this split.
+
[[Japanese Leaf Warbler]] and [[Kamtchatka Leaf Warbler]] were formerly included in this species.
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
 
Mixed coniferous, birch and other broadleaved woods, also in lush undergrowth near water. Most are in lowlands but the Kamtchatka breeds in higher elevation subalpine forests.  
 
Mixed coniferous, birch and other broadleaved woods, also in lush undergrowth near water. Most are in lowlands but the Kamtchatka breeds in higher elevation subalpine forests.  

Revision as of 19:03, 29 August 2014

Photo by LeeDavis
Bempton Cliffs, England, September 2004
Phylloscopus borealis

Identification

11cm.
Olive-green above, greyish-white below. A single noticeable wing bar, and another less distinct, in fresh plumage (though sometimes one or both can be lost when feathers become worn). Long white supercillium and a broad dark eyestripe.
Thick wedge-shaped bill, with a dark tip to the lower mandible.
Flat forehead and slight peak to the hindcrown.
Legs pinkish-brown.

Similar Species

Larger than both Willow and Greenish Warblers.

Distribution

Breeds in Alaska, northern Asia, Scandinavia, and Siberia.

Rare but increasing sightings on Fair Isle and the east coast of the UK in the autumn.

Winters South-east Asia, Thailand, Burma and Indonesia.

Taxonomy

Subspecies

Four subspecies are recognized[1] (other authorities recognize from 3 to 7):

  • P. b. borealis (talovka):
  • P. b. transbaicalicus:
  • P. b. hylebata:
  • Eastern Amurland to northern Manchuria, Ussuriland and North Korea
  • P. b. kennicotti:

Gill and Donsker only accept kennicotti and the nominate subspecies.
Japanese Leaf Warbler and Kamtchatka Leaf Warbler were formerly included in this species.

Habitat

Mixed coniferous, birch and other broadleaved woods, also in lush undergrowth near water. Most are in lowlands but the Kamtchatka breeds in higher elevation subalpine forests.

Behaviour

Very active bird, constantly flitting around in the tree canopy.

Flight

Dashing flight. Flicks wings and tail when at rest.

Breeding

The nest is on the ground in a low shrub.

Diet

The diet includes small arthropods, picked off vegetation or in flight.

Vocalisation

<flashmp3>Phylloscopus borealis (song).mp3</flashmp3>
Listen in an external program

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2014. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9., with updates to August 2014. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Taxonomy thread discussing Arctic Warbler read in June 2009
  3. Wikipedia
  4. BTO Bird Facts
  5. Collins Field Guide 5th Edition
  6. Collins Bird Guide ISBN 0 00 219728 6

Recommended Citation

External Links

Retrieved from ‘https://www.birdforum.net/wiki/index.php?title=Arctic_Warbler&oldid=204795’
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