Bins first & foremost.
I think one does need to apply some effort into studying the birds, learning habitat, field marks, calls etc. I think this is more the hallmark of a birder than bins or a camera. You have to realize what you are seeing......
I don't think taking photos and then asking others to ID them qualifies anyone as a birder.
Have lost the bird fiddling with the camera, have regretted not having the camera, have taken the shot & glad I have proof. Have gotten a shot of a lifer and didn't know it. As a novice birder, saw a hawk, chose to enjoy the moment & chose not to take the shot. Regret it til this day since I now know it was a rarity for the area and without the photo, I have NO PROOF.
Both birders and photographers can be arrogant and poorly behaved. My experience leans towards photographers the most poorly behaved & arrogant at this point. That could change any time!!! Both can be extremely knowledgeable, fun, great teachers and great birders! Not every birder is a great photographer (I suck) and vice-versa. I know many awesome birders who are now great photographers.
Always have the bins and always have the camera - your shot may not be beautiful, but it can be proof!