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Not sure it is a good move to make it illegal to remove/lower Beaver dams without permits ... while they do have positive environmental benefits, they can also be negative and certainly negative to some land uses at a local level. To mitigate this, I suppose the permits will be issued for required cases .
Incidentally, they are not afforded such protection in many parts of Europe - in Lithuania, for example, unlimited hunting/trapping of Beavers is allowed in the hunting season for Beaver (? September to March) and annual bags can be 10,000 to 20,000 individuals. There is certainly no restriction on removing/modifying a dam if it is causing unwanted flooding on your land. All this said, they are still very common everywhere in the country.
In Poland beavers almost completely had extinct in the second half of the 19th century (i. e. they had been eradicated). Before World War II, the beaver population was restored to 400 individuals. After the war, about 130 individuals remained. In 2020, there were about 142,5 thousands of individuals. Thanks to restitution and protection. Now they are everywhere. In the 20th century, introduced Canadian beavers lived by the Pasłęka River, but they probably died out completely.
In my opinion maybe not thanks to all those miserable reintroductions but because of protection. And beavers came back THEMSELVES from the east (Belarus, Russia etc.).
Beavers by night from camera trap:
(2021)
(2023)
(videos and all images below except the street taken in so called Zakole Wawerskie in Warsaw, the street nearby)
The reintroduced Beavers in the Netherlands are protected. The population is florishing and causing issues by digging in all kinds of embankments.
In 2021 this caused some € 2 million of damage.
The only province where larger numbers are shot is Limburg in the southeast (80 in 2021), but I assume that the rules will at some stage be relaxed as numbers keep on growing.
Remember earlier stage of Beaver reintroduction, when expensive and slow trials were proposed? We now see that they were waste of public and NGO money and also, damage to nature by slowing restoring the nature. Somebody should at least acknowledge being wrong in the past and be more open and faster with reintroductions.