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| − | [[ | + | [[File:Besra adultKM.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo © by {{user|Karim+Madoya|Karim Madoya}}<br />Tambunan, Sabah, [[Malaysia]], 25 May 2008]] |
;[[:Category:Accipiter|Accipiter]] virgatus | ;[[:Category:Accipiter|Accipiter]] virgatus | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| + | [[File:Besra1.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Very young juvenile<br />Photo © by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />Mae Wong River, Mae Wong National Park, [[Thailand]], 12 May, 2015]] | ||
24–36 cm (9½-14¼ in)<br /> | 24–36 cm (9½-14¼ in)<br /> | ||
*Ashy blue-grey upperparts | *Ashy blue-grey upperparts | ||
| Line 7: | Line 8: | ||
*Dark vertical throat stripe | *Dark vertical throat stripe | ||
*Short broad wings | *Short broad wings | ||
| − | *Long tail<br /> | + | *Long tail; broadly barred black<br /> |
'''Female''' is larger and has browner upperparts<br /> | '''Female''' is larger and has browner upperparts<br /> | ||
| − | '''Juvenile''': dark brown upperparts | + | '''Juvenile''': dark brown upperparts. White underparts, streaked breast and belly, barred flanks. Long tail, broadly barred black |
| − | + | ||
| − | |||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
South [[Asia]] from [[Pakistan]] and [[India]] to south [[China]] and [[Indonesia]]. | South [[Asia]] from [[Pakistan]] and [[India]] to south [[China]] and [[Indonesia]]. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | Besra , [[Japanese Sparrowhawk]] and [[Brown Goshawk]] seem to be closely related. The first two have in the past been considered [[Dictionary_A-C#C|conspecific]]. | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| − | + | 10 subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | |
*''A. v. affinis'': | *''A. v. affinis'': | ||
| − | :*Northern [[India]] and [[Nepal]] to central [[China]] and [[Indochina]] | + | :*Northern [[India]] and [[Nepal]] to central [[China]] and [[Indochina]]; with deletion of subspecies ''nisoides'', ''affinis'' presumably also include birds from [[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]] and northern [[Malay Peninsula]] |
*''A. v. fuscipectus'': | *''A. v. fuscipectus'': | ||
:*Mountains of [[Taiwan]] | :*Mountains of [[Taiwan]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 27: | ||
*''A. v. abdulalii'': | *''A. v. abdulalii'': | ||
:*[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] | :*[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
*''A. v. confusus'': | *''A. v. confusus'': | ||
:*[[Philippines]] (Luzon, Mindoro, Negros and Catanduanes) | :*[[Philippines]] (Luzon, Mindoro, Negros and Catanduanes) | ||
| Line 40: | Line 39: | ||
*''A. v. quinquefasciatus'': | *''A. v. quinquefasciatus'': | ||
:*Flores ([[Lesser Sundas]]) | :*Flores ([[Lesser Sundas]]) | ||
| + | |||
| + | The name ''nisoides'' was seemingly retracted by the author who considered the bird he had described it from as belonging to [[Japanese Sparrowhawk]]. | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Dense montane forests; in winter open woodland (preferably with large trees) including groves, savanna and cultivated areas. | Dense montane forests; in winter open woodland (preferably with large trees) including groves, savanna and cultivated areas. | ||
| Line 48: | Line 49: | ||
Their diet consists mostly of birds with the addition of dragonflies, lizards and mammals. | Their diet consists mostly of birds with the addition of dragonflies, lizards and mammals. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug21}}#AvianWeb |
| − | # | + | #Birdforum Member observations |
#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved September 2016) | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved September 2016) | ||
| + | #Orta, J. and J. S. Marks (2020). Japanese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.japspa1.01 | ||
| + | #Farnsworth, G., G. A. Londono, J. U. Martin, K. C. Derrickson, and R. Breitwisch (2020). Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.normoc.01 | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch| | + | {{GSearch|Accipiter+virgatus}} |
| + | {{GS-checked}} | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
| − | + | <br /> | |
| − | + | ||
| − | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Accipiter | + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Accipiter]] |
Latest revision as of 14:40, 14 July 2022
- Accipiter virgatus
Identification
Very young juvenile
Photo © by robby thai
Mae Wong River, Mae Wong National Park, Thailand, 12 May, 2015
Photo © by robby thai
Mae Wong River, Mae Wong National Park, Thailand, 12 May, 2015
24–36 cm (9½-14¼ in)
- Ashy blue-grey upperparts
- White below crossed barred with rusty brown
- Dark vertical throat stripe
- Short broad wings
- Long tail; broadly barred black
Female is larger and has browner upperparts
Juvenile: dark brown upperparts. White underparts, streaked breast and belly, barred flanks. Long tail, broadly barred black
Distribution
South Asia from Pakistan and India to south China and Indonesia.
Taxonomy
Besra , Japanese Sparrowhawk and Brown Goshawk seem to be closely related. The first two have in the past been considered conspecific.
Subspecies
10 subspecies are recognized[1]:
- A. v. affinis:
- A. v. fuscipectus:
- Mountains of Taiwan
- A. v. besra:
- A. v. abdulalii:
- A. v. confusus:
- Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Negros and Catanduanes)
- A. v. quagga:
- Philippines (Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Siquijor and Mindanao)
- A. v. rufotibialis:
- Northern Borneo
- A. v. vanbemmeli:
- A. v. virgatus:
- A. v. quinquefasciatus:
- Flores (Lesser Sundas)
The name nisoides was seemingly retracted by the author who considered the bird he had described it from as belonging to Japanese Sparrowhawk.
Habitat
Dense montane forests; in winter open woodland (preferably with large trees) including groves, savanna and cultivated areas.
Behaviour
Breeding
They nest in trees, building a new nest each year. The clutch consists of 2-5 eggs.
Diet
Their diet consists mostly of birds with the addition of dragonflies, lizards and mammals.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- AvianWeb
- Birdforum Member observations
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved September 2016)
- Orta, J. and J. S. Marks (2020). Japanese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.japspa1.01
- Farnsworth, G., G. A. Londono, J. U. Martin, K. C. Derrickson, and R. Breitwisch (2020). Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.normoc.01
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Besra. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 29 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Besra
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.
