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| + | [[Image:Blue_Bird_of_Paradise.jpg|thumb|550px|Male<br />right|Photo by {{user|Mpacker|Mpacker}}<br />Highlands above Tari in [[Papua New Guinea]], July 2005]] | ||
| + | '''Alternative names: Prince Rudolph's Blue Bird-of-paradise; Archduke Rudolph's Blue Bird-of-paradise''' | ||
;[[: Category:Paradisaea|Paradisaea]] rudolphi | ;[[: Category:Paradisaea|Paradisaea]] rudolphi | ||
| − | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | + | Male 30cm (excluding tail wires), female 30cm. An unmistakable Bird-of-paradise. | |
| + | ====Male==== | ||
| + | * Jet-black head, neck and mantle | ||
| + | * Silvery-white broken eyering | ||
| + | * Blackish back and rump with iridescent blue-green, blue and indigo-blue sheen | ||
| + | * Blue wings | ||
| + | * Purple-blue uppertail with two grossly elongated central tail feathers forming to ribbons | ||
| + | * Elongated filamental flank plumes, dark purple-blue at base, becoming blue and purplish-blue to mauve distally | ||
| + | * Matt-blackish underparts with some dark blue iridescence | ||
| + | * Dark brown eye | ||
| + | * Ivory bill | ||
| + | * Greenish-yellow mouth | ||
| + | * Purplish-grey legs | ||
| + | ====Female==== | ||
| + | * Smaller and without elongated tail-feathers or flank-feathers | ||
| + | * Head and upperparts similar to male but duller | ||
| + | * Chestnut-brown underparts | ||
| + | Juveniles are similar to females. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | [[ | + | Endemic to eastern [[New Guinea]].<br /> |
| + | An uncommon restricted-range species. Population estimated at fewer than 10'000 birds. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | Two subspecies are known | + | Two subspecies are known<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: |
| + | *''P. r. rudolphi'': | ||
| + | :*Mountains of south-eastern [[Papua New Guinea]] | ||
| + | *''P. r. margaritae'': | ||
| + | :*Mountains of central Papua New Guinea | ||
| + | An additional subspecies, ''ampla'' has been described, but is not often considered valid.<br /> | ||
| + | Hybrids with [[Lawes's Parotia]] and [[Raggiana Bird-of-paradise]] recorded. | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | + | Lower montane forest, forest edge and old secondary growth. Occurs at 1100 - 2000m, mainly at 1400 - 1800m. | |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| − | + | ====Breeding==== | |
| + | Breeding at any time of year, mainly July to Feburary. A [[Dictionary_P-S#P|polygynous]] species. Solitary males advertise from a traditonal high perch. The display by hanging upside-down on a branch and spreading his feathers into a triangular shape, exposing a black oval patch surrounded by red on the breast.<br /> | ||
| + | The female builds and attends the nest alone. The nest is a deep circular bowl made of stems of epiphytic orchids, pandanus leaves, fibre of palm leaves and needles of casuarinas. It's placed 4 - 19m above the ground in a tree or a bush. Lays 1 egg. | ||
| + | ====Diet==== | ||
| + | Feeds mostly on fruits (especially figs). Takes also some animals, mostly arthropods, possibly lizards.<br /> | ||
| + | May guard and defend fruit trees (especially females). | ||
| + | ====Movements==== | ||
| + | Presumably resident. | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | #{{Ref-Clements6thDec09}}#{{Ref-HBWVol14}} | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Paradisaea+rudolphi}} | {{GSearch|Paradisaea+rudolphi}} | ||
| − | + | {{GS-checked}} | |
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Paradisaea]] | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Paradisaea]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:34, 3 May 2022
Alternative names: Prince Rudolph's Blue Bird-of-paradise; Archduke Rudolph's Blue Bird-of-paradise
- Paradisaea rudolphi
Identification
Male 30cm (excluding tail wires), female 30cm. An unmistakable Bird-of-paradise.
Male
- Jet-black head, neck and mantle
- Silvery-white broken eyering
- Blackish back and rump with iridescent blue-green, blue and indigo-blue sheen
- Blue wings
- Purple-blue uppertail with two grossly elongated central tail feathers forming to ribbons
- Elongated filamental flank plumes, dark purple-blue at base, becoming blue and purplish-blue to mauve distally
- Matt-blackish underparts with some dark blue iridescence
- Dark brown eye
- Ivory bill
- Greenish-yellow mouth
- Purplish-grey legs
Female
- Smaller and without elongated tail-feathers or flank-feathers
- Head and upperparts similar to male but duller
- Chestnut-brown underparts
Juveniles are similar to females.
Distribution
Endemic to eastern New Guinea.
An uncommon restricted-range species. Population estimated at fewer than 10'000 birds.
Taxonomy
Two subspecies are known[1]:
- P. r. rudolphi:
- Mountains of south-eastern Papua New Guinea
- P. r. margaritae:
- Mountains of central Papua New Guinea
An additional subspecies, ampla has been described, but is not often considered valid.
Hybrids with Lawes's Parotia and Raggiana Bird-of-paradise recorded.
Habitat
Lower montane forest, forest edge and old secondary growth. Occurs at 1100 - 2000m, mainly at 1400 - 1800m.
Behaviour
Breeding
Breeding at any time of year, mainly July to Feburary. A polygynous species. Solitary males advertise from a traditonal high perch. The display by hanging upside-down on a branch and spreading his feathers into a triangular shape, exposing a black oval patch surrounded by red on the breast.
The female builds and attends the nest alone. The nest is a deep circular bowl made of stems of epiphytic orchids, pandanus leaves, fibre of palm leaves and needles of casuarinas. It's placed 4 - 19m above the ground in a tree or a bush. Lays 1 egg.
Diet
Feeds mostly on fruits (especially figs). Takes also some animals, mostly arthropods, possibly lizards.
May guard and defend fruit trees (especially females).
Movements
Presumably resident.
References
- Clements, JF. 2009. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2009. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019.
- Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie, eds. 2009. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8496553507
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Blue Bird-of-paradise. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 12 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Blue_Bird-of-paradise
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.
