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Difference between revisions of "Saffron Finch" - BirdForum Opus

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(GSearch amended to scientific name)
(Male image change for one in natural range. Pictures of female and juvenile. Attempt to disguise copied text. References)
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[[Image:Canario da terra verdadeito male .jpg|thumb|550px|right|Male<br />Photo by {{user|Orozimbo|Orozimbo}}<br />Lins, SP, [[Brazil]]]]
 
;[[: Category:Sicalis|Sicalis]] flaveola
 
;[[: Category:Sicalis|Sicalis]] flaveola
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[[Image:Saffron_Finch.jpg|thumb|550px|right|'''Male'''. Photo by {{user|Neil+Grubb|Neil Grubb<br />'''Location''': [[Hawaii]].]]
 
−
 
−
 
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
−
Length 14-16cm. <br>
+
Length 13·5–15 cm (5¼-6 in) <br />
−
'''Male''': Bright yellow body, orange crown. The back and wings feathers have black etching,  eyes are dark, legs grey-pale pink, the upper mandible is grey-black while the lower mandible is ivory. <br>
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'''Male'''
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'''Female''': Heavily streaked with edges of primaries and tail yellow.<br>
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*Bright yellow overall plumage
 +
*Orange crown
 +
*Black edges to back and flight feathers
 +
*Dark eyes
 +
*Greyish-pink legs
 +
*Greyish-black upper mandible
 +
*Ivory lower mandible<br />
 +
'''Female''': Heavily streaked with edges of primaries and tail yellow.<br />
 
'''Immature''': Same as female.
 
'''Immature''': Same as female.
 +
[[Image:Saffron Finch female .jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo by {{user|Stanley+Jones|Stanley Jones}}<br />South Wild, Pantanal, south of Poconê, Mato Grosso, [[Brazil]], August 2015]]
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==Distribution==
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[[South America]]: found from eastern [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Guyana]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]], north-eastern and south-eastern [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]], [[Chile]] and northern [[Argentina]]
  
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==Distribution==
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This species has been introduced via the cage-bird trade to several other tropical areas ([[Panama]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Hawaii]], etc.).  
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Northern [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]] and north-east [[Brazil]] to central [[Argentina]]. This species has been introduced via the cage-bird trade to several other tropical areas ([[Panama]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Hawaii]], etc.).  
 
  
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
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Four subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>: ''flaveola'', ''valida'', ''pelzelni'', and ''brasiliensis''. Some sources also recognize ''koenigi''.
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====Subspecies====
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Four subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>:
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*''S. f. flaveola'':
 +
:*Tropical eastern [[Colombia]] to [[Venezuela]] and the [[Guianas]]; winters to [[Trinidad]]
 +
*''S. f. valida'':
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:*Pacific lowlands of [[Ecuador]] to north-western [[Peru]] (Ancash)
 +
*''S. f. brasiliensis'':
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:Tropical north-eastern [[Brazil]] (Maranhão, Minas Gerais and São Paulo)
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*''S. f. pelzelni'':
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:*East [[Bolivia]] to [[Paraguay]], south-eastern Brazil, [[Uruguay]] and northern [[Argentina]]
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[[Image:Sicalis flaveola 26.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Juvenile male<br />Photo by {{user|Rodrigo+Conte|Rodrigo Conte}}<br />Brasilia, Brazil, December 2013]]
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Some sources also recognize ''koenigi''<sup>[[#References|2]]</sup>.
  
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Open lowlands with trees.  Towns, parks, farms.
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They use a wide variety of habitats, open lowlands with trees and shrubs.  Towns, parks, farms.
  
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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They are cavity nesters. 3-5 eggs are laid and incubated by the female alone for 14 days. The young are fed by both parents and fledge at around 2 weeks old.  
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====Diet====
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Their main diet consists of seeds, with the addition of some arthropods. They feed on the ground, including town gardens.
 +
====Breeding====
 +
They are cavity nesters. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs which are incubated by the female alone for 14 days. The young are fed by both parents and fledge at around 2 weeks old.  
  
 
See also the note under this image: http://www.birdforum.net/gallery/showphoto.php/photo/214292
 
See also the note under this image: http://www.birdforum.net/gallery/showphoto.php/photo/214292
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
# Clements, James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug16}}#Avibase
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#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved November 2016)
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{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
{{GSearch|Sicalis+flaveola}}
 
{{GSearch|Sicalis+flaveola}}
  
 
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Sicalis]]
 
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Sicalis]]

Revision as of 21:42, 17 November 2016

Male
Photo by Orozimbo
Lins, SP, Brazil
Sicalis flaveola

Identification

Length 13·5–15 cm (5¼-6 in)
Male

  • Bright yellow overall plumage
  • Orange crown
  • Black edges to back and flight feathers
  • Dark eyes
  • Greyish-pink legs
  • Greyish-black upper mandible
  • Ivory lower mandible

Female: Heavily streaked with edges of primaries and tail yellow.
Immature: Same as female.

Female
Photo by Stanley Jones
South Wild, Pantanal, south of Poconê, Mato Grosso, Brazil, August 2015

Distribution

South America: found from eastern Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, north-eastern and south-eastern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile and northern Argentina

This species has been introduced via the cage-bird trade to several other tropical areas (Panama, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, etc.).

Taxonomy

Subspecies

Four subspecies are recognized1:

  • S. f. flaveola:
  • S. f. valida:
  • Pacific lowlands of Ecuador to north-western Peru (Ancash)
  • S. f. brasiliensis:
Tropical north-eastern Brazil (Maranhão, Minas Gerais and São Paulo)
  • S. f. pelzelni:
Juvenile male
Photo by Rodrigo Conte
Brasilia, Brazil, December 2013

Some sources also recognize koenigi2.

Habitat

They use a wide variety of habitats, open lowlands with trees and shrubs. Towns, parks, farms.

Behaviour

Diet

Their main diet consists of seeds, with the addition of some arthropods. They feed on the ground, including town gardens.

Breeding

They are cavity nesters. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs which are incubated by the female alone for 14 days. The young are fed by both parents and fledge at around 2 weeks old.

See also the note under this image: http://www.birdforum.net/gallery/showphoto.php/photo/214292

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016, with updates to August 2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Avibase
  3. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved November 2016)

Recommended Citation

External Links

Retrieved from ‘https://www.birdforum.net/wiki/index.php?title=Saffron_Finch&oldid=220495’
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