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[[Image:Vermilion_Flycatcher.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by mmdnje | [[Image:Vermilion_Flycatcher.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by mmdnje | ||
<br>Female to the left, male to the right. | <br>Female to the left, male to the right. | ||
− | <br>Locality: Ayampe, Manabi Prov, Ecuador.]] | + | <br>Locality: Ayampe, Manabi Prov, [[Ecuador]].]] |
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
L. 14 cm (5½ in). | L. 14 cm (5½ in). | ||
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'''Immature''': Resembles female | '''Immature''': Resembles female | ||
[[Image:Juvenile Vermilion Flycatcher.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Photo by bobsofpa | [[Image:Juvenile Vermilion Flycatcher.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Photo by bobsofpa | ||
− | <br>Juvenile in Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA.]] | + | <br>Juvenile in [[Big Bend National Park]], [[Texas]], [[USA]].]] |
Subspecies: Females from Galápagos have virtually unstreaked, yellow underparts. | Subspecies: Females from Galápagos have virtually unstreaked, yellow underparts. | ||
Both sexes of race ''obscurus'' (from coastal Peru) also occur in a uniformly dark brown morph. [[Image:Vermilion Flycatcher dark morph.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Photo by Mariano Mavila | Both sexes of race ''obscurus'' (from coastal Peru) also occur in a uniformly dark brown morph. [[Image:Vermilion Flycatcher dark morph.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Photo by Mariano Mavila | ||
− | <br>Dark morph in Lima, Peru.]] | + | <br>Dark morph in Lima, [[Peru]].]] |
Similar Species: Females and immatures are potentially confusing, but can be separated from most other superficially similar species (e.g. [[Bran-colored Flycatcher]]) by the faint or complete lack of wing-bars. | Similar Species: Females and immatures are potentially confusing, but can be separated from most other superficially similar species (e.g. [[Bran-colored Flycatcher]]) by the faint or complete lack of wing-bars. |
Revision as of 17:33, 23 February 2009
- Pyrocephalus rubinus
Identification
L. 14 cm (5½ in).
Strongly sexually dimorphic. Male is unmistakable.
Male: Bright red underparts and cap, dark brownish wings, tail and mask.
Female: Dull brownish or greyish upperparts, dark streaked whitish underparts
Some subspecies have pinkish or yellow flanks and/or crissum
Immature: Resembles female
Subspecies: Females from Galápagos have virtually unstreaked, yellow underparts.
Both sexes of race obscurus (from coastal Peru) also occur in a uniformly dark brown morph.
Similar Species: Females and immatures are potentially confusing, but can be separated from most other superficially similar species (e.g. Bran-colored Flycatcher) by the faint or complete lack of wing-bars.
Distribution
It is widespread and generally common in most of central and northern South America, Central America, Mexico and southwestern United States. Typically resident, but a large proportion of the population from the southernmost part of its range migrate north to spend the Austral winter in central South America. Additionally, most of the population in USA migrate south to spend the winter in Central America.
Taxonomy
Numerous subspecies are known. It has been suggested that the two Galápagos races, nanus and dubius, should be considered one or two separate species.
Habitat
Occurs in a wide range of open or semi-open habitats, incl. savanna, forest-edge, woodland, scrub, areas with scattered trees. Also in rural zones and city parks or gardens.
Behaviour
Diet: Feeds on small insects and spiders. It perches on an open branch, waiting for the prey. After locating it, the flycatcher pursues and capture it in flight.
Breeding: The courtship display of the male involves singing, raising its crest, fluffing its breast-feathers, and, sometimes, delivering a butterfly or showy insect to the female to initiate copulation.
Breeding is seasonal, but timing varies depending on region. The nest is an open cup loosely constructed by moss, grass, twigs and spiderwebs. The 2-3 eggs are incubated entirely by the female, but both sexes feed the chicks.