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[[Image:Eurasian_Skylark.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Rob|Rob}}]] | [[Image:Eurasian_Skylark.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Rob|Rob}}]] | ||
;[[:Category:Alauda|Alauda]] arvensis | ;[[:Category:Alauda|Alauda]] arvensis | ||
| − | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
18cm. | 18cm. | ||
| Line 12: | Line 11: | ||
*Thin bill | *Thin bill | ||
*Pink legs | *Pink legs | ||
| + | ==Similar Species== | ||
| + | For differences between Eurasian Skylark and [[Meadow Pipit]] see [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=111510 this thread] in Tips for New Birders Forum | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
Breeds across most of [[Europe]] and [[Asia]] and in the mountains of North [[Africa]]. It is mainly resident in the west of its range, but eastern populations are more migratory, moving further south in winter. Even in the milder west of its range, many birds move to lowlands and the coast in winter. Asian birds appear as vagrants in [[Alaska]]; this bird has also been introduced in [[Hawaii]] and near Vancouver, Washington. | Breeds across most of [[Europe]] and [[Asia]] and in the mountains of North [[Africa]]. It is mainly resident in the west of its range, but eastern populations are more migratory, moving further south in winter. Even in the milder west of its range, many birds move to lowlands and the coast in winter. Asian birds appear as vagrants in [[Alaska]]; this bird has also been introduced in [[Hawaii]] and near Vancouver, Washington. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
There are 13 subspecies. | There are 13 subspecies. | ||
| + | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>==== | ||
| + | '''European Group''' | ||
| + | *''A. a. arvensis'': | ||
| + | :*[[Azores]]; [[Europe]] from [[Wales]] to [[Norway]], Ural Mountains and Alps | ||
| + | *''A. a. scotica'': | ||
| + | :*[[Ireland]], north-western [[England]], [[Scotland]] and [[Faeroe Islands]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. guillelmi'': | ||
| + | :*Northern [[Portugal]] and north-western [[Spain]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. sierrae'': | ||
| + | :*Central and southern [[Portugal]] to southern [[Spain]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. harterti'': | ||
| + | :*Mountains of north-western [[Africa]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. cantarella'': | ||
| + | :*Southern [[Europe]] to [[Balkans]], [[Crimea]] and [[Iran]]; >Northern [[Africa]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. armenica'': | ||
| + | :*Transcaucasia and eastern [[Turkey]] to south-western [[Iran]] (Zagros and Elburz mts.)<br /> | ||
| + | '''Asian Group''' | ||
| + | *''A. a. dulcivox'': | ||
| + | :*South-eastern [[Russia]] to Yenisey basin and [[Afghanistan]]; >north-western [[India]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. kiborti'': | ||
| + | :*Southern [[Siberia]] to northern [[Mongolia]], Manchuria and [[Korea]]; >eastern [[China]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. intermedia'': | ||
| + | :*South-eastern [[Siberia]] to lower Amur River and north-eastern Manchuria; >eastern [[China]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. pekinensis'': | ||
| + | :*North-eastern [[Siberia]] to Sea of Okhotsk, Kamchatka Pen. and Kuril Islands | ||
| + | *''A. a. lonnbergi'': | ||
| + | :*Shantar and Sakhalin islands (Sea of Okhotsk); >[[Japan]] | ||
| + | *''A. a. japonica'': | ||
| + | :*Major islands in [[Japan|Japanese Archipelago]]; >Ryukyu Islands | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Dense rainforests. | Dense rainforests. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| + | ====Diet==== | ||
The diet includes seeds and insects. | The diet includes seeds and insects. | ||
| − | + | ====Breeding==== | |
3-4 eggs are laid and incubated for 11-12 days; the young fledge 9-10 days later. There can be 2 broods. | 3-4 eggs are laid and incubated for 11-12 days; the young fledge 9-10 days later. There can be 2 broods. | ||
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| + | '''Song''': is delivered from high in the sky. | ||
<flashmp3>Alauda arvensis (song).mp3</flashmp3><br /> | <flashmp3>Alauda arvensis (song).mp3</flashmp3><br /> | ||
''[[Media:Alauda arvensis (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]'' | ''[[Media:Alauda arvensis (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]'' | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| + | #{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}} | ||
#mbr-pwrc.usgs | #mbr-pwrc.usgs | ||
#eNature | #eNature | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Alauda+arvensis}} | {{GSearch|Alauda+arvensis}} | ||
Revision as of 08:56, 4 May 2009
Photo by Rob
- Alauda arvensis
Identification
18cm.
- Brown above with streaked back
- Buff, dark streaked breast
- Streaked crown
- White belly and undertail coverts
- White supercilium
- White outer tail feathers
- Thin bill
- Pink legs
Similar Species
For differences between Eurasian Skylark and Meadow Pipit see this thread in Tips for New Birders Forum
Distribution
Breeds across most of Europe and Asia and in the mountains of North Africa. It is mainly resident in the west of its range, but eastern populations are more migratory, moving further south in winter. Even in the milder west of its range, many birds move to lowlands and the coast in winter. Asian birds appear as vagrants in Alaska; this bird has also been introduced in Hawaii and near Vancouver, Washington.
Taxonomy
There are 13 subspecies.
Subspecies[1]
European Group
- A. a. arvensis:
- A. a. scotica:
- Ireland, north-western England, Scotland and Faeroe Islands
- A. a. guillelmi:
- A. a. sierrae:
- A. a. harterti:
- Mountains of north-western Africa
- A. a. cantarella:
- A. a. armenica:
Asian Group
- A. a. dulcivox:
- South-eastern Russia to Yenisey basin and Afghanistan; >north-western India
- A. a. kiborti:
- A. a. intermedia:
- A. a. pekinensis:
- North-eastern Siberia to Sea of Okhotsk, Kamchatka Pen. and Kuril Islands
- A. a. lonnbergi:
- Shantar and Sakhalin islands (Sea of Okhotsk); >Japan
- A. a. japonica:
- Major islands in Japanese Archipelago; >Ryukyu Islands
Habitat
Dense rainforests.
Behaviour
Diet
The diet includes seeds and insects.
Breeding
3-4 eggs are laid and incubated for 11-12 days; the young fledge 9-10 days later. There can be 2 broods.
Vocalisation
Song: is delivered from high in the sky.
<flashmp3>Alauda arvensis (song).mp3</flashmp3>
Listen in an external program
References
- Clements, JF. 2008. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2008. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019.
- mbr-pwrc.usgs
- eNature
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Eurasian Skylark. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 28 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Eurasian_Skylark
External Links
