Tommaso Salvadori in some of "his" many birds … in various languages (1 Viewer)

[Björn Bergenholtz]

As my main interest is the etymologies of the Common Swedish Bird names I´m here only dealing with a few of Salvadori's many, many birds (luckily for you, all those Swedish Names follow English Names … even if a few is out-dated).

So far I´ve already finished:
● Salvadori’s Antwren Myrmotherula minor SALVADORI 1864
● Salvadori’s Pheasant Lophura (hoogerwerfi) inornata SALVADORI 1879
● Salvadori’s Nightjar Caprimulgus pulchellus SALVADORI 1879
● Salvadori’s Duck (Anas) Salvadorina waigiuensis ROTHSCHILD & HARTERT 1894
● … as well as the sub-specie "Salvadori's black-capped lory" Lorius lory salvadorii A. B. MEYER 189
● and the tricky (regarding its taxonomy) Salvadori's Seedeater (Ochrospiza) Serinus (flavigula) xantholaemus SALVADORI 1896 ( earlier a k a O./S. xantholaema) – sometimes considered a hybrid of either "S. xanthopygiusXmozambicus" or of "S. xanthopygiusXdorsostriatus" … or as a mutation of S. reichenowi!)

All (in their Common Swedish names) commemorating the well-known Italian Ornithologist Count Tommaso Salvadori (1835–1923), whose full name was: Count (Conte) Adelardo Tommaso Salvadori Paleotti.

In this thread I will hereafter only deal with the tree remaining ones (… irrespective of their species or sub-species status):
● Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot Psittaculirostris (edwardsii) salvadorii OUSTALET 1880
● Salvadori’s Eremomela Eremomela (icteropygialis) salvadorii REICHENOW 1891
● Abyssinian Crimson-wing Cryptospiza salvadorii REICHENOW 1892 a k a "Salvadori's Crimson-Wing"

Let´s start with the latter, "his" Crimson-wing.

This Abyssinian specie was named by the great German Ornithologist Anton Reichenow, in February 1892, on a meeting with Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft (German Ornithologists' Society) were he opposed Salvadori's determination of these birds to (Reichenow's own Crimson-wing!) "Cryptospiza reichenowi" (today Red-faced Crimson-wing C. reichenovii HARTLAUB 1874). According to the meeting report itself (= type description), published in Journal für Orntihologie 40 (No.197): p.221 (Attached), he stated (in German):

"Der vortragende [Reichenow himself] legt ferner das bisher unbekannte Männchen von Cryptospiza reiehenowi vor, welches durch eine rothe Maske ausgezeichnet ist. Durch diese Entdeckung wird der Beweis geliefert, dass die in Schoa vorkommende, von Prof. SALVADORI auf die vorgenannte Art bezogene Cryptospiza (vergl, Ann. Genova 1884 S. 180) einer verschiedenen species angehört, welche durch einfarbig olivenbraune Kopfseiten und gelbbräunliche Kehle von der Kamerunform sich unterscheidet. Der Vortragende schlägt für den Schoa-Vogel den Namen Cryptospiza salvadorii Rchw. vor."

With only limited knowledge of German I have to ask: Have I understood it correctly, or?

Does anyone of Bird Forums readers, knowing German better than I do, feel like having a go at translating this quote?

If so, please as accurate as possible, as I would like to quote it myself in Swedish. And don´t hesitate to remark on any errors that I might have done transcribing it.

The "vergl. Ann. Genova 1884 S. 180" that the text refers to is (in Italian): Salvadori, T. 1884. Spedizione Italiana nell’Africa Equatoriale … Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 21 (Serie 2, vol 1): 6-276. (Attached, pp. 180-181; Cryptospiza, nov. gen. and Cryptospiza reichenowi Hartl.).

I don´t think it adds much, but if you´re curious, and know Italian … check it out.

 

[l_raty]

"The lecturer furthermore presents the previously unkown male of Cryptospiza reichenowi, which is characterized by a red mask. Through this discovery the proof is given, that the Cryptospiza occuring in Shewa, attributed by Prof. Salvadori to the aforementioned species (compare: Ann. Genova 1884, p. 180), belongs to another species, which differs from the Cameroon form by plain olive-brown head sides and a yellow-brown throat. The lecturer proposes the name Cryptospiza salvadorii Rchw. for the Shewa bird."

(may not be 100% word-to-word correct, but I think the meaning is there.)

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Laurent,

German as well!?

Your linguistic skills are impressive.

Thanks!

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Accumulation of translations

The lecturer presents the hitherto unknown male of Cryptospiza reiehenowi, which is characterized by a red mask. This discovery proofs that the species occuring in Schoa (which professor Salvadori assigns to Cryptospiza reiehenowi) is in fact a different species, distinguished from the form from Cameroon by the unform olive-brown side of head and the yellow-brown throat. The lecturer proposes the name Cryptospiza salvadorii Rchw. for the birds from Schoa.

Additional translation from (the now shut) thread: http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?p=2890304#post2890304

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Continuation ...

Those two translations explain how Salvadori came to be commemorated in "his" Crimson-Wing ...

Salvadori simply thought that the bird he had found (in a vast collection made by an Italian expedition to East Africa), a dusky-headed Male, collected in "Scioa" (= "Schoa" alt. "Schewa"), in Etiopia, ... was the first known Male specimen of Cryptospiza reichenowi (a specie described by Hartlaub in 1874, so far only known by a single Female specimen, collected in Cameroon by Reichenow himself). But in 1892 Reichenow proved, by presenting the first true Male (with bright red head) of "his own "Crimson-Wing, that the Male Salvadori described in 1884 belonged to a previously unknown species!

Ok, so far so good ...

Let´s go back to those three remaining birds (of his) that I ´mentioned earlier, in post #1:

● Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot Psittaculirostris (edwardsii) salvadorii OUSTALET 1880
● Salvadori’s Eremomela Eremomela (icteropygialis) salvadorii REICHENOW 1891
● Abyssinian Crimson-wing Cryptospiza salvadorii REICHENOW 1892 a k a "Salvadori's Crimson-Wing" = CHECK!

And while we´re still on German turf ... let´s deal with "his" Eremomela!

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Salvadori’s Eremomela …

Salvadori’s Eremomela was described on page 64 (Attached) in: Reichenow, A. 1891. Bemerkungen über afrikanische Arten II. Journal für Ornithologie 39 (No.193): 61-69. Link to full article: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/101710#page/76/mode/1up

In the type description Anton Reichenow refers to a "Eremomela pusilla" (collected by Bohndorff), mentioned in a list of his own published in "Journ. Orn. 1887 S. 306" which is Page 306 (Attached, even if I don´t think it adds anything) in: Reichenow, A. 1887. Ueber eine Vogelsammlung aus dem Kongo-Gebiet. Journal für Ornithologie 35 (No. 179): 299-309. Link to full article: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/101740#page/318/mode/1up

With (still) only very limited knowledge of German I would appreciate if someone more clever, with better linguistic skills, please, can explain how Count Salvadori came to be commemorated in this specie as well?

Except the Scientific Name itself I can´t spot his name, not only briefly mentioned ...!?

 

[JustinJansen]

Salvadori’s Eremomela was described on page 64 (Attached) in: Reichenow, A. 1891. Bemerkungen über afrikanische Arten II. Journal für Ornithologie 39 (No.193): 61-69. Link to full article: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/101710#page/76/mode/1up

In the type description Anton Reichenow refers to a "Eremomela pusilla" (collected by Bohndorff), mentioned in a list of his own published in "Journ. Orn. 1887 S. 306" which is Page 306 (Attached, even if I don´t think it adds anything) in: Reichenow, A. 1887. Ueber eine Vogelsammlung aus dem Kongo-Gebiet. Journal für Ornithologie 35 (No. 179): 299-309. Link to full article: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/101740#page/318/mode/1up

With (still) only very limited knowledge of German I would appreciate if someone more clever, with better linguistic skills, please, can explain how Count Salvadori came to be commemorated in this specie as well?

Except the Scientific Name itself I can´t spot his name, not only briefly mentioned ...!?

Neither can I (no explanation is given for the name pusilla), in the two documents.

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Neither is there any mentioning what so ever of Salvadori in the first part, of the "same" article "Bemerkungen über einige afrikanische Arten" by Reichenow, published the year before, 1890, in Journal für Ornithologie 38 (1, No. 189): pp.74-78.

Does anyone else know something elucidating or have anything else to add?

Otherwise I think we just have to acceppt that there never was any articulated dedication for Salvadori’s Eremomela. I think that Reichenow simply took it for granted that the Ornithological World understood whom he was thinking of.

I can live with that ... its not very uncommon.

● Abyssinian Crimson-wing Cryptospiza salvadorii REICHENOW 1892 a k a "Salvadori's Crimson-Wing" = CHECK!
● Salvadori’s Eremomela Eremomela (icteropygialis) salvadorii REICHENOW 1891 = CHECK!
● Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot Psittaculirostris (edwardsii) salvadorii OUSTALET 1880

And now, finally; Let´s try to finish this thread ... with "his" Fig-Parrot ... in doing so we have to change our translation efforts, from German and Italian ... to French!

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot ... in French

The type description of Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot , as "Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii", was published in; Oustalet, E. 1880. Description de quelques oiseaux nouveaux de la Nouvelle-Guinée. Bulletin Hebdomadaire de l'Association Scientifique de France (Serie 2) 1: 171-173 (Attached) … where Oustalet describes some new Birds from New Guinea, including Drepanornis bruijnii … which is (from what I can see, is the only time, the only specie, in which text) where Salvadori himself is mentioned, in the following quote:

"Je propose d’appeler cette espèce nouvelle Drepanornis Bruijnii, en l’honneur de M. Bruijn de Ternate, qui l’a découverte sur la côte septentrionale de la Nouvelle-Guinée … Ce naturaliste avait déjà, suivant M. le comte Salvadori, signalé, dans une Lettre à M. Beccari, l’existence, au sud de la baie Geelvink, d’un Paradisier de ce genre.”.

And, after a few sentences, on the same page (172) it´s time for the little Fig-Parrot, where Oustalet only writes:

"Je les désignerai sous le nom de Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii."

With no knowledge of French I now hope for some help of Bird Forum's French knowing readers!

Is there anything in this article, or between those two quotes, that reveals anything else of Salvadori or why the Fig-Parrot was named after him?

If any reader knowing French would feel like translating those to quotes I will be most grateful. If so, please as accurate as possible, as I would like to quote them myself in Swedish. And don´t hesitate to remark on any errors that I might have done transcribing them.

Cheers!

 

[Daniel Philippe]

"Je propose d’appeler cette espèce nouvelle Drepanornis Bruijnii, en l’honneur de M. Bruijn de Ternate, qui l’a découverte sur la côte septentrionale de la Nouvelle-Guinée … Ce naturaliste avait déjà, suivant M. le comte Salvadori, signalé, dans une Lettre à M. Beccari, l’existence, au sud de la baie Geelvink, d’un Paradisier de ce genre.”

"I suggest to call this new species Drepanornis bruijnii, to honor Mr. Bruijn of Ternate who discovered it on the northern coast of New Guinea ... According to Count Salvadori, the naturalist reported in a letter to Mr. Beccari the existence of a Bird-of-Paradise of the same genus (or the same kind ?) south of Geelvink Bay."

"Je les désignerai sous le nom de Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii."

"I will name them Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii".

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Thanks Daniel,

One short question remains ...

""I will name them Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii".

Regarding "them"? ... does that mean that Oustalet had studied several specimens?

PS. I guess the answer is hidden in the attached files, see post #9 .

 

[l_raty]

"Je citerai ensuite deux petits perroquets, deux Cyclopsittacus, qui ont été pris exactement dans la même région que le paradisier."
= I'll then cite two small parrots, two Cyclopsittacus, that were taken exactly in the same region as the bird-of-paradise.
Oustalet had two specimens, indeed.
L -

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Thanks Laurent!

And Great! There it was, those "deux petits perroquets" was the missing link, between Salvadori and "his" Fig-parrot. They were collected "pris exactement dans la même région"/"exactly in the same region" as that ... then I get lost again .. or another ... yet unknown Bird-of-Paradise ... of the same kind or ...

I´m not even sure I understand what Salvadori did ... who informed who, Beccari, Bruijn ... who was the "naturaliste"/"naturalist"?

A guess the answer is hidden in the type description (attached in post #9).

Sorry to be so slow-witted an inquisitive, but I just want to get it right ...

Anyone feel like explaining?

 

[l_raty]

The paper is about new birds from New Guinea that Oustalet found in a bird collection that had just been acquired by the Museum of Natural History in Paris. The particulars of this collection are not fully clearly explained, but at the end of the paper Oustalet says that the same collection also included a wattled brush-turkey and two other birds that he had already described as Bruijn's brush-turkey (Telegallus or better Æpypodius bruijnii). This he did here, and there it appears that the collection was sent to the Museum by Bruijn.

In the first paragraph, he describes a bird-of-paradise, that he names Drepadornis Bruijnii. According to him, Bruijn (= "the naturalist") discovered this species (and presumably the specimen that he had before him) on the northern coast of NG. Then he goes on saying that Salvadori said him that Bruijn had already informed Beccari of this finding in a letter.

Nothing of this is about the parrot, though. What is about the parrot is the next paragraph:

Je citerai ensuite deux petits perroquets, deux Cyclopsittacus, qui ont été pris exactement dans la même région que le paradisier. Ces deux oiseaux sont de la taille du Cyclopsittacus Desmarestii Garn., mais ont les plumes des joues et des côtés du cou allongées, lancéolées et divergentes; leur front n'est pas d'un rouge vif passant à l'arrière au jaune orangé, mais d'une couleur cendre verte fortement mélangée de bleu d'outremer, et ils portent en arrière de l'oeil une tache d'un bleu vif. Je les désignerai sous le nom de Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii.

I'll then cite two small parrots, two Cyclopsittacus, that were taken exactly in the same region as the bird-of-paradise. These two birds are the size of the Cyclopsittacus Desmarestii Garn., but they have the feathers of the cheeks and of the sides of the neck elongated, lanceolate and divergent; their forehead is not bright red grading into orange-yellow at the rear, but of a green-ash colour, strongly admixed with ultramarine blue, and at the rear of the eye they have a bright blue spot. I'll name them Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii.

He doesn't explain more. So, the only thing that Salvadori unambiguously did according to this paper, is to inform Oustalet about Bruijn's letter to Beccari, where Bruijn said that he had found a bird-of-paradise... which is not related to the parrot at all. That said, this suggests that Oustalet and Salvadori exchanged about this collection (presumably including the parrot) prior to the publication of Oustalet's work. Maybe Oustalet just wanted to acknowledge help from Salvadori in the preparation of his work?

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Laurent,
You´re a Gem!

This will make me finish my entry on Salvadori and "his" birds.

● Abyssinian Crimson-wing Cryptospiza salvadorii REICHENOW 1892 a k a "Salvadori's Crimson-Wing" = CHECK!
● Salvadori’s Eremomela Eremomela (icteropygialis) salvadorii REICHENOW 1891 = CHECK!
● Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot Psittaculirostris (edwardsii) salvadorii OUSTALET 1880 = CHECK!

Salvadori ... over and out!

PS. Now; have a very, Merry Christmas!

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Salvadori´s back!

I really thougt I was finished with Salvadori and "his" Birds ... quite convinced that there wasn´t anything more to find regarding the commemoration of Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot Psittaculirostris (edwardsii) salvadorii OUSTALET 1880 ... but in looking for facts about Milne-Edwards and "his" Fig-Parrot P. edwardsii I suddenly stumbled upon the following article by Oustalet where he apparently describe "Cyclopsittacus Salvadorii" once again!? A second time!?

If that´s what it is (if I´m not just stupid); can anyone please give a brief account of what this article says and why, and tell me if there is any additional fact (more than we´ve already found out) of how this Fig-Parrot came to be "Salvadori's".

Cheers!

 

[8669]

Nothing new in this paper. Oustalet is not describing this birds a second time, just giving more facts. He seems to have birds more mature this time, the first ones being almost juvenile. And nothing is said about Salvadori.

Theo

 

[Björn Bergenholtz]

Thanks Theo,

That calmed me down. I got a bit worried there.

Then I stick with my earlier announcement:

Salvadori ... over and out!

 

[l_raty]

Although not said in fully clear words, it seems his short diagnoses in the Bull. Assoc. Sci. France (space shortage) were judged insufficient by the editors of Ibis. Thus here he gives more details...