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Difference between revisions of "Black-naped Monarch" - BirdForum Opus

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{{stub}}
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'''Alternative name: Black-naped Blue Monarch'''
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;Hypothymis azurea
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[[Image:Black-naped_Monarch.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Male<br />Photo by {{user|Romy+Ocon|Romy Ocon}}<br />Mount Makiling, Laguna Province, [[Philippines]], July 2004]]
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[[Image:Black-naped_Monarch.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by Romy Ocon]]
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;[[:category:Hypothymis|Hypothymis]] azurea
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==Identification==
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15–17 cm, (6-6¾ in)<br />
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'''Male'''
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*Pale blue head, chest, back and tail
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*Wings are a darker blue
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*Thin black throat band
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*Whitish lower belly
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*Black nape, gorget and crest<br />
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[[Image:Black-naped Monarch44.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo by {{user|kctsang|kctsang}}<br />Sepilok, Sabah, Eastern [[Malaysia]], May 2007]]
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''' Female''': duller
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*Lacks black markings
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*Grey-brown back, breast, wings and tail
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==Distribution==
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From [[India]] and [[Sri Lanka]] east to [[Indochina]], southern [[China]], [[Taiwan]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapore]] (rare and local), [[Indonesia]] and the [[Philippines]].
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==Taxonomy==
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[[Pale-blue Monarch]] was formerly included in this species.
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====Subspecies====
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[[Image:Black naped monarch MWR.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Sub-adult<br />Photo by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />[[Mae Wong National Park]], [[Thailand]], August 2015]]
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Several subspecies, including many island forms<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>:
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*''H. a. styani'': [[India]] and [[Nepal]] to southern [[China]] and [[Indochina]]; winters to Hainan
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*''H. a. oberholseri'': [[Taiwan]]
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*''H. a. forrestia'': Mergui Archipelago (southern [[Myanmar]])
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*''H. a. montana'': Northern and central [[Thailand]]
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*''H. a. galerita'': Peninsular [[Thailand]]
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*''H. a. prophata'': Southern [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapore]], [[Sumatra]] and [[Borneo]]
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*''H. a. tytleri'': [[Andaman Islands]] and Cocos Islands (Bay of Bengal)
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*''H. a. ceylonensis'': [[Sri Lanka]]
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*''H. a. idiochroa'': Car Nicobar Island
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*''H. a. nicobarica'': [[Nicobar Islands]]
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*''H. a. opisthocyanea'': Anambas Islands (South China Sea)
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*''H. a. javana'': [[Java]] and [[Bali]]
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*''H. a. penidae'': Penida Island ([[Lesser Sundas]])
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*''H. a. karimatensis'': Karimata Island (off western [[Borneo]])
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*''H. a. gigantoptera'': Natunas Islands (South China Sea)
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*''H. a. aeria'': Maratua Islands (off [[Borneo]])
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*''H. a. consobrina'': Simeulue Island (off [[Sumatra]])
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*''H. a. leucophila'': Mentawi Archipelago (off [[Sumatra]])
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*''H. a. richmondi'': Enggano Island ([[Sumatra]])
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*''H. a. abbotti'': Babi and Masia islands ([[Malaysia]])
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*''H. a. symmixta'': [[Lesser Sundas]]
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*''H. a. azurea'': [[Philippines|Philippine Islands]]
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*''H. a. catarmanensis'': Southern [[Philippines]] (Camiguin Sur)
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==Habitat==
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Disturbed mixed deciduous forest, forest edge and second growth, with thick undergrowth, at heights up to 1,500m.
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==Behaviour==
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====Breeding====
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A small cup nest is built from fine grasses and moss, placed in a tree. The clutch consists of 3 eggs.
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====Diet====
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The diet includes insects.
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====Vocalisation====
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'''Song''': ''Hui-hui-hui'' or ''pwee-pwee-pwee''.
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==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}#Avibase
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#Birding in Taiwan
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#Wikipedia
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{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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{{GSearch|Hypothymis+azurea}}  
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{{GSearch|"Hypothymis azurea" {{!}} "Black-naped Monarch"}}  
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[[Category:Birds]]
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{{GS-checked}}1
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<br />
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<br />
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[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Hypothymis]]

Latest revision as of 19:48, 4 March 2024

Alternative name: Black-naped Blue Monarch

Male
Photo by Romy Ocon
Mount Makiling, Laguna Province, Philippines, July 2004
Hypothymis azurea

Identification

15–17 cm, (6-6¾ in)
Male

  • Pale blue head, chest, back and tail
  • Wings are a darker blue
  • Thin black throat band
  • Whitish lower belly
  • Black nape, gorget and crest
Female
Photo by kctsang
Sepilok, Sabah, Eastern Malaysia, May 2007

Female: duller

  • Lacks black markings
  • Grey-brown back, breast, wings and tail

Distribution

From India and Sri Lanka east to Indochina, southern China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore (rare and local), Indonesia and the Philippines.

Taxonomy

Pale-blue Monarch was formerly included in this species.

Subspecies

Sub-adult
Photo by robby thai
Mae Wong National Park, Thailand, August 2015

Several subspecies, including many island forms[1]:

Habitat

Disturbed mixed deciduous forest, forest edge and second growth, with thick undergrowth, at heights up to 1,500m.

Behaviour

Breeding

A small cup nest is built from fine grasses and moss, placed in a tree. The clutch consists of 3 eggs.

Diet

The diet includes insects.

Vocalisation

Song: Hui-hui-hui or pwee-pwee-pwee.

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2015. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2015, with updates to August 2015. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Avibase
  3. Birding in Taiwan
  4. Wikipedia

Recommended Citation

External Links

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

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