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+ | [[Image:green_bee-eater_alok_2.JPG|thumb|550px|right|Nominate Subspecies : breeding pair, male (right) giving food to female<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> Basai, Gurgaon, Haryana, [[India]], 24 April 2017]] | ||
;[[:Category: Merops|Merops]] orientalis | ;[[:Category: Merops|Merops]] orientalis | ||
− | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
− | 16-18cm | + | 16-18cm (6¼-7 in) |
*Green upper parts | *Green upper parts | ||
:*Head and underpart colours vary according to subspecies | :*Head and underpart colours vary according to subspecies | ||
− | * | + | *Wings with green coverts and rusty flight feathers having a black terminal band |
− | *Black beak<br /> | + | *Black beak and line through eye |
− | Sexes similar | + | *Black line separating throat from upper breast |
+ | *Long extensions on central tail feathers | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | Sexes similar, but female duller | ||
+ | ====Variation==== | ||
+ | Western birds are mainly green in both head and throat. There is an increasing level of rusty colors in the crown and upperside towards the east and especially in [[Sri Lanka]]. Western birds frequently have a narrow blue line under the black eye line, this become more noticeable further east. In the easternmost birds ([[Indochina]]) throat becomes yellowish in worn individuals. Underside buffy to whitish in Sri Lanka. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
− | + | [[Asia]] from [[Iran]] to [[Vietnam]] and south to [[Sri Lanka]]. | |
− | |||
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− | |||
− | |||
− | [[ | ||
− | |||
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==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
− | + | [[Image:Lgbe-3.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile, subspecies ''M. o. ferrugeiceps''<br />Photo © by {{user|Nook|Nook}}<br />Na Ngua, Phetchabun, [[Thailand]], June 2017]] | |
− | + | ====Subspecies==== | |
− | + | [[Image:1B9A3472.gif|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''M. o. ferrugeiceps''<br />Photo © by {{user|nothinghill|nothinghill}}<br />[[Thailand]], January 2018]] | |
− | * ''M. o. | + | There are 4 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: |
− | + | * ''M. o. beludschicus'': | |
− | + | :*From the north end of Persian Gulf to Baluchistan and western [[India]] | |
− | * | + | * ''M. o. orientalis'': |
− | * ''M. o. orientalis'' | + | :*western [[India]] (Rann of Kutch) east to [[Bangladesh]] and south through the Indian peninsula |
− | * ''M. o. ferrugeiceps'' | + | * ''M. o. ceylonicus'' |
+ | :*[[Sri Lanka]] | ||
+ | * ''M. o. ferrugeiceps'': | ||
+ | :*From Assam and [[Myanmar]] to [[Vietnam]] | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Around water bodies, river sides, open cultivated areas, scrub forests, parks and gardens, open woodland. | Around water bodies, river sides, open cultivated areas, scrub forests, parks and gardens, open woodland. | ||
Line 35: | Line 37: | ||
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
Nests are made in a tunnel in sandy banks. The 4 to 8 spherical white eggs are incubated by both the male and the female. | Nests are made in a tunnel in sandy banks. The 4 to 8 spherical white eggs are incubated by both the male and the female. | ||
+ | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
+ | {{ Audio|green_bee_eater_call.mp3 }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | Recording by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> | ||
+ | Nazafgarh Wetlands, Gurgaon, Haryana, [[India]], March-2015<br /> | ||
+ | A pair, ssp. ''orientalis'', calling while examining a mud-embankment for possible nesting site, early summer-time. | ||
+ | ==Gallery== | ||
+ | Click on photo for larger image | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | Image:green_bee_eater_alok_3.JPG|Juvenile, nominate subspecies<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />Manger Bani Forest, Aravali Hills, Gurgaon, Haryana, [[India]], June-2018 | ||
+ | Image:DSC00014.JPG|Juvenile developing extended tail feathers <br />Photo © by {{user|Shantilal+Varu|Shantilal Varu}}<br />Kutch, Gujarat, [[India]], 4 August 2019 | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thOct22}}#{{Ref-GillDonskerRasmussen22V13.1}}#Kirwan, G. M., H. Fry, and P. F. D. Boesman (2022). Asian Green Bee-eater (Merops orientalis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (G. M. Kirwan, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grnbee3.01 |
#AvianWeb | #AvianWeb | ||
#BF Member observations | #BF Member observations | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
− | {{ | + | <div style="margin:2px; padding:5px; border:1px solid #CCC; text-align: center; background-color: #FFFF99; clear:both"> [[Image:Icon_camera_link.png]] [https://www.birdforum.net/search/?type=xfmg_media&q=%22Merops+orientalis%22+|+%22Green+Bee-eater%22&o=date&c%5Bcategories%5D%5B0%5D=528&c%5Bchild_categories%5D=1 Search for photos of {{PAGENAME}} in the gallery] </div> |
+ | |||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div style="margin:2px; padding:5px; border:1px solid #CCC; text-align: center; background-color: #98CDE3; clear:both"> [[Image:Icon_camera_link.png]] [https://www.birdforum.net/search/?type=xfmg_media&q=%22Merops+orientalis%22+|+%22Green+Bee-eater%22+video+-viewvideo+-%22video+still%22&o=date&c%5Bcategories%5D%5B0%5D=528&c%5Bchild_categories%5D=1 Search for videos of {{PAGENAME}} in the gallery] </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <!--EDITORS: this is a complex individualised search to eliminate non-Asian Green Bee-eater species--> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{GS-checked}}1 | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
− | |||
− | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Merops]] [[Category: | + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Merops]] [[Category:Bird Songs]] |
Latest revision as of 18:59, 1 November 2023
- Merops orientalis
Identification
16-18cm (6¼-7 in)
- Green upper parts
- Head and underpart colours vary according to subspecies
- Wings with green coverts and rusty flight feathers having a black terminal band
- Black beak and line through eye
- Black line separating throat from upper breast
- Long extensions on central tail feathers
Sexes similar, but female duller
Variation
Western birds are mainly green in both head and throat. There is an increasing level of rusty colors in the crown and upperside towards the east and especially in Sri Lanka. Western birds frequently have a narrow blue line under the black eye line, this become more noticeable further east. In the easternmost birds (Indochina) throat becomes yellowish in worn individuals. Underside buffy to whitish in Sri Lanka.
Distribution
Asia from Iran to Vietnam and south to Sri Lanka.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
There are 4 subspecies[1]:
- M. o. beludschicus:
- From the north end of Persian Gulf to Baluchistan and western India
- M. o. orientalis:
- western India (Rann of Kutch) east to Bangladesh and south through the Indian peninsula
- M. o. ceylonicus
- M. o. ferrugeiceps:
Habitat
Around water bodies, river sides, open cultivated areas, scrub forests, parks and gardens, open woodland.
Behaviour
Diet
They catch bees and other insects in flight and retun to the same perch to batter them to remove the sting before eating.
Breeding
Nests are made in a tunnel in sandy banks. The 4 to 8 spherical white eggs are incubated by both the male and the female.
Vocalisation
Recording by Alok Tewari
Nazafgarh Wetlands, Gurgaon, Haryana, India, March-2015
A pair, ssp. orientalis, calling while examining a mud-embankment for possible nesting site, early summer-time.
Gallery
Click on photo for larger image
Juvenile, nominate subspecies
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Manger Bani Forest, Aravali Hills, Gurgaon, Haryana, India, June-2018Juvenile developing extended tail feathers
Photo © by Shantilal Varu
Kutch, Gujarat, India, 4 August 2019
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Gill, F, D Donsker, and P Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v 13.1)_red. Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.1. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
- Kirwan, G. M., H. Fry, and P. F. D. Boesman (2022). Asian Green Bee-eater (Merops orientalis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (G. M. Kirwan, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grnbee3.01
- AvianWeb
- BF Member observations
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Asian Green Bee-eater. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 6 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Asian_Green_Bee-eater
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1